This article concerns the study of perfect fluid spacetimes equipped with different types of gradient solitons. It is shown that if a perfect fluid spacetime with Killing velocity vector admits a τ-Einstein soliton of gradient type, then the spacetime represents phantom regime, or ψ remains invariant under the velocity vector field ρ. Besides, we establish that in a perfect fluid spacetime with constant scalar curvature, if the Lorentzian metric is the gradient τ-Einstein soliton, then either the τ-Einstein gradient potential function is pointwise collinear with ρ, or the spacetime represents stiff matter fluid. Furthermore, we prove that under certain conditions, a perfect fluid spacetime turns into a generalized Robertson–Walker spacetime, as well as a static spacetime and such a spacetime is of Petrov type I, D or O. We also characterize perfect fluid spacetimes whose Lorentzian metric is equipped with gradient m-quasi Einstein solitons and that the perfect fluid spacetime has vanishing expansion scalar, or it represents dark energy era under certain restriction on the potential function.

本文涉及配备不同类型梯度孤子的完美流体时空的研究。结果表明，如果具有Killing速度矢量的完美流体时空允许梯度型τ-爱因斯坦孤子，则时空代表幻影状态，或者ψ在速度矢量场ρ下保持不变。此外，我们还发现，在具有恒定标量曲率 的完美流体时空中，如果洛伦兹度量是梯度 τ-爱因斯坦孤子，则 τ-爱因斯坦梯度势函数与ρ 点状共线，或者时空代表刚性物质流体。此外，我们证明在某些条件下，完美的流体时空会变成广义的罗伯逊-沃克时空，以及静态时空，这样的时空是 Petrov I、D 或 O 型。我们还描述了完美流体时空，其洛伦兹度量配备了梯度m准爱因斯坦孤子，并且完美流体时空具有消失的膨胀标量，或者它代表暗能量势函数受到一定限制的时代。