ABSTRACT

Italo Calvino travelled to Japan in 1976 and, throughout his career, became increasingly acquainted with Japanese literature and Buddhist philosophy. This encounter is evidenced by the ‘Japanese shelves’ of his Roman library and by several authorial reflections, which this article scrutinises in order to highlight the material-ecocritical relevance of Calvino’s contact with Japanese nature and culture. In particular, this analysis interprets Japanese gardens as spaces where Calvino rethinks his sense of the human and more-than-human by establishing their mutually constitutive relations. Augustin Berque’s concept of ‘trajectivity’, according to which dualisms are constantly transcended in Japanese milieux, guides this exploration of how Calvino’s Japanese reflections in Collezione di sabbia articulate his dialectical challenge to logocentrism in ‘The Written World and the Unwritten World’, to gendered dichotomies in the Japanese chapter of Se una notte d’inverno un viaggiatore, and to traditional humanism in Palomar.

摘要

伊塔洛·卡尔维诺 (Italo Calvino) 于 1976 年前往日本，在他的整个职业生涯中，他对日本文学和佛教哲学越来越熟悉。这种遭遇在他的罗马图书馆的“日本书架”和一些作者的反思中得到了证明，本文对其进行了仔细研究，以强调卡尔维诺与日本自然和文化接触的物质生态批评相关性。特别是，这种分析将日本花园解释为卡尔维诺通过建立它们的相互构成关系来重新思考他的人类和超人类意识的空间。奥古斯丁·贝尔克的“轨迹性”概念，根据该概念，二元论在日本环境中不断超越，指导着卡尔维诺在《Collezione di sabbia》中如何反思日本阐明他在《书面世界与不成文世界》中对逻各斯中心主义的辩证挑战，在《Se una notte d'inverno un viaggiatore》的日语章节中对性别二分法的辩证挑战，以及在《帕洛玛》中对传统人文主义的辩证挑战。