Abstract

Recent decades have witnessed the globalisation of policies promoting social cash transfers as a critical instrument for poverty reduction. Among various approaches, the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) model promoted by the World Bank has gained discursive dominance in countries where this strategy, and its technical model for implementation, appear more attractive than competing alternatives. While research has evaluated CCT programmes and considered the politics of development that they represent in Latin America, researchers are yet to explore the constitutive effects of CCT ways of knowing and measuring poverty in the societies of rural Asia. This paper explores the consequences of CCT knowledge politics in rural Indonesia. It argues that CCT practices of knowing and measuring have paradoxical effects. The programme makes direct payments to millions of impoverished households, producing well-documented patterns of inclusion and advancement. Yet, CCT knowledge practices involve simplifications and generate significant mis-targeting, eliciting a never-ending repair process among state actors, local leaders, and communities. This metricised knowledge system depoliticises political questions of distribution. It conceals alternative ways of knowing and addressing poverty, producing an order of entitlements somewhat at odds with established community logics of inclusion, while provoking a local politics of distribution.

摘要

近几十年来，促进社会现金转移作为减贫重要工具的政策已全球化。在各种方法中，世界银行推行的有条件现金转移支付（CCT）模式在一些国家获得了话语主导地位，在这些国家，该战略及其实施技术模式似乎比竞争替代方案更具吸引力。虽然研究评估了有条件现金转移计划并考虑了它们在拉丁美洲所代表的发展政治，但研究人员尚未探索有现金现金转移方式对了解和衡量亚洲农村社会贫困的构成性影响。本文探讨了印度尼西亚农村地区 CCT 知识政治的后果。它认为 CCT 的认知和测量实践具有矛盾的效果。该计划向数百万贫困家庭直接付款，产生了有据可查的包容和进步模式。然而，CCT 知识实践涉及简化并产生严重的错误目标，从而在国家行为者、地方领导人和社区之间引发永无休止的修复过程。这种度量化的知识体系使分配的政治问题去政治化。它掩盖了认识和解决贫困的其他方式，产生了与既定的社区包容逻辑有些不一致的权利顺序，同时引发了当地的分配政治。在国家行为者、地方领导人和社区之间引发永无休止的修复过程。这种度量化的知识体系使分配的政治问题去政治化。它掩盖了认识和解决贫困的其他方式，产生了与既定的社区包容逻辑有些不一致的权利顺序，同时引发了当地的分配政治。在国家行为者、地方领导人和社区之间引发永无休止的修复过程。这种度量化的知识体系使分配的政治问题去政治化。它掩盖了认识和解决贫困的其他方式，产生了与既定的社区包容逻辑有些不一致的权利顺序，同时引发了当地的分配政治。