ABSTRACT

This article joins a conversation that examines the dynamics of extraction in global space and their relationship to practices of authorisation in international law. The article offers an analysis of a specific historical debate that occurred through the negotiation of the since-abandoned Convention on the Regulation of Antarctica Mineral Resource Activities (CRAMRA). The debate was largely over whether the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS) should continue to govern Antarctica. This article argues that while extracting mineral resources from Antarctica has now been foreclosed, the jurisdictional form that remains is part of the enabling legal infrastructure that patterns contemporary global extraction. Specifically, this jurisdictional form entails the reassertion of international legal authority grounded in colonial territorial claims, and a reappropriation of the Common Heritage of Mankind principle (CHM) to appeal to a construction of universality that repeats the familiar colonial move of locating ‘humanity’ largely in the Global North. In the contested times of the Anthropocene, discussion of the ATS rightly celebrates an instance of restraining corporate extraction of hydrocarbons from an unstable climactic ecosystem. However, we could also take account of how the ATS’ jurisdictional form could contribute to contemporary global extraction and its highly unequal consequences.

摘要

本文加入了一个对话，探讨全球空间中的榨取动态及其与国际法授权实践的关系。本文对已废弃的《南极洲矿产资源活动监管公约》(CRAMRA) 谈判中发生的具体历史辩论进行了分析。争论的焦点主要是南极条约体系（ATS）是否应该继续管理南极洲。本文认为，虽然从南极洲开采矿产资源现已被取消赎回权，但仍然存在的管辖权形式是当代全球开采模式的有利法律基础设施的一部分。具体而言，这种管辖形式需要重申以殖民领土主张为基础的国际法律权威，以及对人类共同遗产原则（CHM）的重新利用，以呼吁普遍性的构建，重复将“人类”主要定位在全球北方的熟悉的殖民举措。在人类世这个充满争议的时代，对苯丙胺类兴奋剂的讨论恰到好处地庆祝了限制企业从不稳定的气候生态系统中提取碳氢化合物的例子。然而，我们也可以考虑 ATS 的管辖形式如何促进当代全球开采及其高度不平等的后果。关于苯丙胺类兴奋剂的讨论恰如其分地庆祝了限制企业从不稳定的气候生态系统中提取碳氢化合物的例子。然而，我们也可以考虑 ATS 的管辖形式如何促进当代全球开采及其高度不平等的后果。关于苯丙胺类兴奋剂的讨论恰如其分地庆祝了限制企业从不稳定的气候生态系统中提取碳氢化合物的例子。然而，我们也可以考虑 ATS 的管辖形式如何促进当代全球开采及其高度不平等的后果。