In this study, a novel testing method was developed to evaluate the water absorption and retention of waste-based stabilizers using suction filtration. Suction filtration was seen to remove most of the unabsorbed and unretained water from the waste-based stabilizer without losing any waste-based stabilizer particles. Therefore, oven-drying of the wet stabilizer, which can deteriorate the stabilizer, was not necessary. In addition, a formula was introduced to estimate the residual free water in the stabilizer after suction filtration based on the particle size. This estimate was used as a correction to determine the water absorption and retention rate (W_ab) of the stabilizer. Subsequently, newly developed tests were conducted on fly ash (FA), a paper sludge ash-based stabilizer (PSAS), biomass ash (BMA), and the PSAS–BMA hybrid to evaluate W_ab. The results show that the PSAS exhibited the highest W_ab, followed by the BMA and FA. This is attributed to the CaO content of each stabilizer, which may have initiated hydration reactions. The W_ab of the PSAS–BMA hybrid was similar to that of the PSAS, which is attributed to the synergistic effects of the components of each type of waste. Finally, the strength development of the FA, PSAS, BMA, and PSAS–BMA hybrid-treated clays was investigated via cone index tests. In addition to the stabilizer addition ratio (A), the W_ab of the stabilizers is suggested to be an essential indicator for predicting the strength development of clays treated with waste-based stabilizers. Parameter β, which is the product of W_ab and A, governs the cone index q_c of the treated clays instead of A and W_ab. Thus, the modified water content, w*, which considers the absorbed and retained water as a solid instead of a liquid, was applied to the cone index test results. The results show that the q_c of the treated clays is more correlated to w* than to the measured water content. An empirical relationship for predicting cone index q_c using w* was also proposed.

在这项研究中，开发了一种新的测试方法，利用吸滤来评估废物稳定剂的吸水性和保留性。抽滤可以从废物稳定剂中除去大部分未吸收和未保留的水，而不会损失任何废物稳定剂颗粒。因此，没有必要对湿稳定剂进行烘干，否则会使稳定剂变质。此外，还引入了一个公式，根据粒径估算吸滤后稳定剂中残留的游离水。该估计值用作确定吸水率和保留率（W _ab）的稳定器。随后，对飞灰 (FA)、造纸污泥灰基稳定剂 (PSAS)、生物质灰 (BMA) 和 PSAS-BMA 混合物进行了新开发的测试，以评估W _ab。结果表明，PSAS 表现出最高的W _ab，其次是 BMA 和 FA。这归因于每种稳定剂的 CaO 含量，它可能引发了水合反应。PSAS -BMA 混合体的 W ab_与PSAS 相似，这归因于每种废物成分的协同效应。最后，通过圆锥指数测试研究了 FA、PSAS、BMA 和 PSAS-BMA 混合处理粘土的强度发展。除稳定剂添加比例（A），建议稳定剂的W _ab是预测用废物基稳定剂处理的粘土强度发展的重要指标。参数β是W _ab和A的乘积，它控制着处理过的粘土的圆锥指数q _c，而不是A和W _ab。因此，将吸收和保留的水视为固体而不是液体的修正水含量w * 应用于圆锥指数测试结果。结果表明，处理过的粘土的q _c与w的相关性更大。* 与测量的水含量的比值。还提出了使用w * 预测锥指数q _c的经验关系。