Soil is now becoming a reservoir of plastics in response to global production, use/disposal patterns and low recovery rates. Their degradation is caused by numerous processes, and this degradation leads to the formation and release of plastic nanoparticles, i.e., nanoplastics. The occurrence of nanoplastics in the soil is expected to both directly and indirectly impact its properties and functioning. Nanoplastics may directly impact the physiology and development of living organisms, especially plants, e.g., by modifying their production yield. Nanoplastics can also indirectly modify the physicochemical properties of the soil and, as a result, favour the release of related contaminants (organic or inorganic) and have an impact on soil biota, and therefore have a negative effect on the functioning of rhizospheres. However all these results have to be taken carefully since performed with polymer nano-bead not representative of the nanoplastics observed in the environment. This review highlight thus the current knowledge on the interactions between plants, rhizosphere and nanoplastics, their consequences on plant physiology and development in order to identify gaps and propose scientific recommendations.

由于全球生产、使用/处置模式和低回收率，土壤现在正在成为塑料的储存库。它们的降解是由许多过程引起的，并且这种降解导致塑料纳米颗粒（即纳米塑料）的形成和释放。土壤中纳米塑料的出现预计会直接和间接影响其特性和功能。纳米塑料可以直接影响生物体（尤其是植物）的生理和发育，例如通过改变其产量。纳米塑料还可以间接改变土壤的理化性质，从而有利于相关污染物（有机或无机）的释放，并对土壤生物群产生影响，从而对根际功能产生负面影响。然而，所有这些结果都必须谨慎对待，因为使用聚合物纳米珠进行的结果并不代表在环境中观察到的纳米塑料。因此，本综述强调了目前关于植物、根际和纳米塑料之间相互作用的知识，及其对植物生理和发育的影响，以便找出差距并提出科学建议。