Coal liquefaction and heavy oil processing have become the urgent need for national energy strategic technology reserves in China. However, the inactivation of solid catalysts in these processes is an inevitable problem. Therefore, a self-catalysed method was proposed. The properties of raw oil could be changed by adding a modifier, as it has the function of self-catalysis, and the additional catalyst is no longer needed. The effect of 200 ppm modifier on the hydrogenation of heavy oil and 500 ppm on the hydrogenation of coal and oil were investigated. The results showed that modifiers could be miscible with heavy oil at 50~100 °C and could change the properties of oil. When the temperature exceeded 250 °C, the sulfur element in the heavy oil combined with the metal element brought in by the modifier to form a particle with the size of 2–8 nm, which could interact with the hydrogen molecule to activate the hydrogen molecule. Activated hydrogen atoms further formed the complexes with nickel, vanadium, calcium, iron, and other elements in heavy oil to achieve the purpose of purifying and lightening the oil phase. Therefore, the self-catalysed method could be widely used in oil refining and would greatly promote the development of the oil refining and catalysis industry.

中文翻译：

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重油和煤混合物的自催化加氢

煤炭液化和重油加工已成为我国国家能源战略技术储备的迫切需求。然而，这些过程中固体催化剂的失活是不可避免的问题。因此，提出了自催化方法。通过添加改性剂可以改变原油的性质，因为它具有自催化功能，不再需要额外的催化剂。研究了200 ppm改性剂对重油加氢和500 ppm改性剂对煤和油加氢的影响。结果表明，改性剂可在50~100℃下与稠油混溶，并能改变原油的性质。当温度超过250℃时，重油中的硫元素与改性剂带入的金属元素结合形成尺寸为2~8nm的颗粒，它可以与氢分子相互作用以激活氢分子。活化的氢原子进一步与重油中的镍、钒、钙、铁等元素形成络合物，达到油相净化、轻质化的目的。因此，自催化法可广泛应用于炼油领域，将极大地促进炼油及催化工业的发展。