Experiments are conducted to investigate leakage through circular GMB holes overlain and underlain by both tailings with various hole diameters and GMB thicknesses. Finite element analyses are performed to explore the effect of hydraulic conductivities (k) of subgrade (underliner) and tailings above the GMB (overliner) on water head contours dissipation. An analytical solution is developed for predicting leakage through circular GMB hole overlain and underlain by both tailings. Results show that the effect of subgrade on leakage is highly dependent on the ratio of k between the underliner and the overliner. If the ratio >100, no head loss occurs in the subgrade; if the ratio <0.01, all the head loss occurs in the subgrade. With the deposition of fines from overliner into subgrade, a low permeable filter cake is formed on the subgrade surface, notably increasing the impact of underliner on leakage. With the increasing ratio of k between underliner and overliner from 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and to 100, the ratio of leakage relative to a highly permeable subgrade increases from 0.01, 0.1, 0.56, 0.93, and to 1. An intimate interface contact can be achieved when the GMB is underlain by silty sand tailings as subgrade (foundation) material.

中文翻译：

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通过粉砂尾矿上方和下方的圆形土工膜孔渗漏

进行实验以研究通过具有不同孔径和 GMB 厚度的尾矿覆盖和下方的圆形 GMB 孔的泄漏。进行有限元分析以探讨GMB（上衬线）上方的路基（下衬线）和尾矿的水力传导率 ( k ) 对水头等高线耗散的影响。开发了一种分析解决方案，用于预测两种尾矿上方和下方的圆形 GMB 孔的泄漏。结果表明，路基对渗漏的影响很大程度上取决于k的比率位于下划线和上划线之间。若比值>100，则路基无水头损失；如果该比值<0.01，则所有水头损失都发生在路基中。随着上衬的细粉沉积到路基中，路基表面形成低渗透性滤饼，显着增加了下衬对渗漏的影响。随着下衬层和上衬层之间的k比率从 0.01、0.1、1、10 到 100 增加，相对于高渗透路基的渗漏比率从 0.01、0.1、0.56、0.93 增加到 1。 紧密的界面当 GMB 下面是粉砂尾矿作为路基（基础）材料时，可以实现接触。