Abstract

Spalted heartwood is valued for its vibrant colors, patterns, and decay-free appearance. Using microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and non-targeted metabolomics, we aimed to study some distinctive features of black patterning. The results showed that cocci might be associated with the production of spalted heartwood. There was an absence of decay in the spalted heartwood because the cocci had not aggressively attacked the cell walls. 4-pyridoxine, often associated with the bacterial stimulation of organisms, was identified as an upregulated metabolite in the black-patterned wood compared to non-colored areas. We identified four primary metabolic pathways related to bacterial activity associated with the black patterning: pentose and glucuronate interconversions, ATP-binding cassette transporters, histidine metabolism, and plant hormone signal transduction. These results suggest that microbes might play a significant role in the development of the heartwood’s distinctive black pattern in Diospyros spp.

摘要

剥落的心材因其鲜艳的色彩、图案和不腐烂的外观而受到重视。使用显微镜、具有能量色散光谱的扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和非靶向代谢组学，我们旨在研究黑色图案的一些独特特征。结果表明，球菌可能与剥落心材的生产有关。由于球菌没有攻击细胞壁，因此被剥落的心材没有腐烂。4-吡哆醇通常与生物体的细菌刺激有关，与非彩色区域相比，黑色图案木材中的代谢物被确定为上调。我们确定了与黑色图案相关的细菌活性相关的四种主要代谢途径：戊糖和葡萄糖醛酸相互转化，ATP 结合盒转运蛋白、组氨酸代谢和植物激素信号转导。这些结果表明，微生物可能在心材独特黑色图案的形成过程中发挥着重要作用。柿属