In this paper, we present a network-based optimization model describing a closed-loop supply chain for the provision of 5G network slices on demand to users and devices on the ground. The three-tier supply chain network consists of a fleet of pre-existing UAVs, to which others can be added, managed by a fleet of UAV controllers, whose purpose is to perform services requested by users and devices on the ground. The aim of this paper is to provide a constrained optimization problem through which the providers’ profits are maximized, determining the global optimal distributions of request flows, the global optimal distributions of executed services and the optimal reliability level of pre-existing UAVs of the fleet. We also derive the associated Variational inequality formulation of the problem and, finally, a numerical simulation is performed to validate the effectiveness of the model.

在本文中，我们提出了一种基于网络的优化模型，描述了一个闭环供应链，用于按需向地面用户和设备提供 5G 网络切片。三层供应链网络由一组预先存在的无人机组成，可以添加其他无人机，由一组无人机控制器管理，其目的是执行地面用户和设备请求的服务。本文的目的是提供一个约束优化问题，通过该问题使提供商的利润最大化，确定请求流的全局最优分布、执行服务的全局最优分布以及机队现有无人机的最优可靠性水平。我们还推导了问题的相关变分不等式公式，最后，