Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a caused by atherosclerotic plaque buildup in the coronary arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the heart. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) is a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidase that is involved in various stages of atherosclerosis as demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo studies. MMP-2 is associated with both stable and unstable atherosclerotic plaque formation. The current review aimed to identify the role of MMP-2 in atherosclerosis development among CAD patients. Literature search was conducted through four online databases and only studies that were published from 2018 until February 2023 were included. The risk of bias was assessed by using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. A total of 10,622 articles were initially identified, and only eight studies that fulfilled the selection criteria were included in this review. The results showed that MMP-2 levels and activity were higher in patients with unstable CAD than those with stable CAD and healthy subjects. There was a significant association between MMP-2 levels and cardiovascular disease with MMP-14 levels, which is a pro-MMP-2 activator. In addition, two single nucleotide polymorphisms of the MMP-2 gene (rs243865 and rs243866) were significantly associated with the development of atherosclerosis. In conclusion, MMP-2 plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis among patients with CAD and could be a potential target for CAD therapy.

中文翻译：

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基质金属蛋白酶-2 在冠状动脉疾病患者动脉粥样硬化发展中的作用

冠状动脉疾病（CAD）是由向心脏供应血液和氧气的冠状动脉中动脉粥样硬化斑块积聚引起的。基质金属蛋白酶 (MMP) 是锌依赖性内肽酶家族，体外和体内实验均证明其参与动脉粥样硬化的各个阶段学习。MMP-2 与稳定和不稳定的动脉粥样硬化斑块形成相关。当前的综述旨在确定 MMP-2 在 CAD 患者动脉粥样硬化发展中的作用。通过四个在线数据库进行文献检索，仅纳入 2018 年至 2023 年 2 月发表的研究。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估偏倚风险。初步确定了 10,622 篇文章，只有 8 篇符合选择标准的研究纳入本次综述。结果显示，不稳定型 CAD 患者的 MMP-2 水平和活性高于稳定型 CAD 患者和健康受试者。MMP-2 水平与心血管疾病之间存在显着相关性，而 MMP-14 水平是一种 MMP-2 前体激活剂。此外，MMP-2基因的两个单核苷酸多态性（rs243865和rs243866）与动脉粥样硬化的发展显着相关。总之，MMP-2 在 CAD 患者动脉粥样硬化的发展中发挥着至关重要的作用，可能成为 CAD 治疗的潜在靶点。