Capsaicinoids and capsinoids are bioactive compounds mostly found in peppers. Although preclinical studies have reported that these compounds can improve exercise performance due to transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1)-mediated thermogenesis, sympathetic modulation, and releasing calcium, it is still unclear how they affect exercise performance in humans as ergogenic supplements. Conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guide 2020, this systematic review examined the ergogenic effect of capsaicinoids and capsinoids on exercise performance in healthy adults. A total of 19 randomized placebo-controlled trials were included in the study. Studies were accessed by searching five databases (PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library). The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. According to the study results, 10 studies examining the effect of capsaicinoid and capsinoid supplements on exercise performance reported positive effects. Also, the effect of capsaicinoids and capsinoids on exercise performance is more pronounced in resistance training. This difference, which varies according to the type of exercise, may be due to the correlation between capsaicin transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 and insulin-like growth factor-1.

类辣椒素和类辣椒素是生物活性化合物，主要存在于辣椒中。尽管临床前研究报告称，这些化合物可以通过瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型 1 (TRPV1) 介导的产热、交感神经调节和释放钙来改善运动表现，但仍不清楚它们作为强效补充剂如何影响人类的运动表现。这项系统评价根据 2020 年系统评价和荟萃分析报告指南的首选报告项目进行，研究了辣椒素和辣椒素类化合物对健康成年人运动表现的增效作用。该研究共纳入 19 项随机安慰剂对照试验。通过搜索五个数据库（PubMed、Scopus、SPORTDiscus、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library）来访问研究。使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险评估工具评估研究的质量。根据研究结果，10 项研究辣椒素和辣椒素补充剂对运动表现的影响的研究报告了积极的效果。此外，辣椒素和辣椒素类化合物对运动表现的影响在阻力训练中更为明显。这种差异根据运动类型的不同而不同，可能是由于辣椒素瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型 1 和胰岛素样生长因子 1 之间的相关性所致。