Neck adipose tissue (NAT) accumulation and neck circumference are independent predictors of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and low-grade chronic inflammation in young adults. The present study examines whether a 24-week concurrent exercise intervention can reduce NAT volume and neck circumference in young adults, and whether any changes in these variables are related to changes in body composition, CMR, and the inflammatory profile. Seventy-four participants (51 women, age 22 ± 2 years) were included in the main analyses, after being randomly assigned to either a (a) control (n = 34), (b) moderate-intensity exercise (n = 19), or (c) vigorous-intensity exercise (n = 21) group. Participants in the exercise groups trained 3–4 days/week (endurance + resistance exercise training). NAT volume and NAT distribution across different depots were estimated using computed tomography before and after the intervention. Anthropometric variables, body composition (determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and CMR/inflammatory markers were also recorded. The exercise intervention did not reduce the total NAT volume, nor was NAT distribution affected (p > .05). However, it did reduce neck circumference in the vigorous-intensity exercise group compared with the moderate-intensity exercise and control groups (by 0.8 and 1 cm, respectively, p ≤ .05). Changes in total NAT and neck circumference were positively, albeit weakly, related (adj. R²: .05–.21, all p ≤ .05) to changes in body weight and adiposity, leptin (only total NAT), and CMR (only neck circumference). Altogether 24 weeks of concurrent exercise does not appear to reduce NAT accumulation in young adults, but may slightly reduce neck circumference in those who partake in vigorous exercise.

颈部脂肪组织（NAT）积累和颈围是年轻人心脏代谢风险（CMR）和低度慢性炎症的独立预测因子。本研究探讨了 24 周的同时运动干预是否可以减少年轻人的 NAT 体积和颈围，以及这些变量的任何变化是否与身体成分、CMR 和炎症特征的变化有关。74 名参与者（51 名女性，年龄 22 ± 2 岁）被随机分配到 (a) 对照组 ( n  = 34)、(b) 中等强度运动组 ( n  = 19)后纳入主要分析。，或 (c) 剧烈运动（n  = 21）组。运动组的参与者每周训练 3-4 天（耐力 + 阻力运动训练）。在干预前后使用计算机断层扫描估计不同仓库的 NAT 体积和 NAT 分布。还记录了人体测量变量、身体成分（通过双能 X 射线吸收测定法测定）和 CMR/炎症标记物。运动干预并没有减少 NAT 总量，也没有影响 NAT 分布 ( p  > .05)。然而，与中等强度运动组和对照组相比，剧烈运动组的颈围确实减少了（分别减少了 0.8 和 1 厘米，p  ≤ .05）。 总 NAT 和颈围的变化与体重和肥胖、瘦素（仅总 NAT）和 CMR 的变化呈正相关（尽管较弱）（adj. R ² : .05–.21，所有p ≤ .05）。仅颈围）。总共 24 周的同时运动似乎不会减少年轻人的 NAT 积累，但可能会稍微减少参加剧烈运动的人的颈围。