ABSTRACT

This paper examines the traditional ecological knowledge that existed for generations along the southern coast in Korea with an example from the site of Gungokri. Traditional subsistence along the Korean coast and islands is known as half-farming and half-fishing, Ban-nong ban-eoh in Korean, and we argue that this strategy applies to over 500 years of history at the site. Our data from 150 b.c.–a.d. 400 focuses on archaeobotanical remains recovered from floated sediments, 25 radiocarbon dates, and starch granules extracted from vessels. Our research indicates that Gungokri residents practiced a rotation of crops in both wetlands and uplands to prevent the loss of soil nutrition and erosion from seawater. Furthermore, they diversified food resources by fishing, shellfishing, hunting, and harvesting wild plants from forest edges and wetlands. This type of long-term resilience and ecological flexibility in coastal adaptation was achieved through niche construction of complex seasonal resource management and inheritance of traditional ecological knowledge.

摘要

本文以军国里遗址为例，探讨了韩国南部沿海世代存在的传统生态知识。韩国海岸和岛屿的传统生活方式被称为半农半渔，即韩语中的Ban-nong ban-eoh，我们认为这一策略适用于该地区 500 多年的历史。我们的数据来自公元前 150年–广告400 重点关注从漂浮沉积物中回收的考古植物遗骸、25 个放射性碳日期以及从器皿中提取的淀粉颗粒。我们的研究表明，Gungokri 居民在湿地和高地实行轮作，以防止土壤营养流失和海水侵蚀。此外，他们通过捕鱼、贝类捕捞、狩猎以及从森林边缘和湿地采集野生植物来丰富食物资源。这种沿海适应的长期恢复力和生态灵活性是通过复杂的季节性资源管理的生态位构建和传统生态知识的传承来实现的。