Starting from her own personal experience, in the First Part of the article, the author reconstructs how the specialized sectors of cognitive evaluation and rehabilitation evolved in Western countries (Europe, the United States, Canada, and Australia, in particular) during the second half of the last century and the first decades of this century. In the Second Part, she describes her personal experience in setting up a rehabilitation centre dedicated to traumatic brain-injured subjects and her commitment to international cooperation (Bolivia, Rwanda, Myanmar, Tanzania) in the field of cognitive evaluation and rehabilitation in favour of people with congenital and acquired cerebral pathology, especially in the paediatric age, since there is an almost total lack of diagnostic, but above all, rehabilitative procedures for cognitive functions in low-middle income countries. In the Third Part of the article, the author carries out an extensive review of the international literature on the differences in access to cognitive diagnostic evaluation and cognitive rehabilitation in middle- and low-income countries – but not only – underlining the urgent need to launch a major international collaborative effort to reduce and eliminate these discrepancies.

中文翻译：

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高收入和低收入国家的认知评估和康复

作者从自己的亲身经历出发，在文章的第一部分重构了西方国家（特别是欧洲、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚）认知评估与康复专业领域在下半年的演变过程。上个世纪和本世纪头几十年。在第二部分中，她描述了她建立专门针对脑外伤患者的康复中心的个人经历，以及她在认知评估和康复领域对有利于人们的国际合作（玻利维亚、卢旺达、缅甸、坦桑尼亚）的承诺先天性和后天性脑病理学，特别是在儿科，因为中低收入国家几乎完全缺乏认知功能的诊断程序，但最重要的是认知功能的康复程序。在文章的第三部分，作者对中低收入国家在获得认知诊断评估和认知康复方面的差异（但不仅限于此）的国际文献进行了广泛的回顾，强调迫切需要推出旨在减少和消除这些差异的重大国际合作努力。