Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) are more likely than nondepressed individuals to use emotion regulation strategies that decrease pleasant emotions (e.g., distraction from positive stimuli) and increase unpleasant emotions (e.g., negative rumination). If such strategies are actively chosen, these choices may partly reflect weaker motivation for pleasant emotions or stronger motivation for unpleasant emotions. Therefore, this investigation tested, for the first time, whether such strategies are actively chosen, even when alternatives are available. In Study 1, using a behavioral task, MDD participants (N = 38) were more likely than healthy controls (N = 39) to choose to use distraction over positive rumination in response to pleasant stimuli, resulting in reductions in pleasant affect. When instructed to choose the strategy that would make them feel better, however, MDD participants did not differ from controls in their strategy choices. In Study 2, using ecological momentary assessments, MDD participants (N = 58) were more likely than controls (N = 62) to use distraction from pleasant emotions and to use negative rumination in daily life. This pattern of strategy use was predicted by stronger motivation for unpleasant emotions among MDD participants, compared to controls. Stronger motivation for unpleasant emotions in daily life also predicted increases in unpleasant affect and decreases in pleasant affect. Findings suggest that compared to nondepressed individuals, people with MDD are more likely to choose emotion regulation strategies that decrease pleasant emotions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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选择回避积极的一面？抑郁症的情绪调节策略选择。

患有重度抑郁症（MDD）的个体比非抑郁症个体更有可能使用情绪调节策略来减少愉快情绪（例如，分散积极刺激）并增加不愉快情绪（例如，消极沉思）。如果主动选择这样的策略，这些选择可能部分反映了对愉快情绪的较弱动机或对不愉快情绪的较强动机。因此，这项调查首次测试了即使有替代方案，是否会积极选择此类策略。在研究 1 中，使用行为任务时，MDD 参与者 (N = 38) 比健康对照组 (N = 39) 更有可能选择使用分散注意力而不是积极思考来应对愉快的刺激，从而导致愉快情绪的减少。然而，当被要求选择让他们感觉更好的策略时，MDD 参与者在策略选择上与对照组没有什么不同。在研究 2 中，使用生态瞬时评估，MDD 参与者 (N = 58) 比对照组 (N = 62) 更有可能在日常生活中利用愉悦情绪来分散注意力并进行消极反思。与对照组相比，MDD 参与者对不愉快情绪的强烈动机可以预测这种策略使用模式。日常生活中对不愉快情绪的强烈动机也预示着不愉快情绪的增加和愉快情绪的减少。研究结果表明，与非抑郁症患者相比，重度抑郁症患者更有可能选择减少愉快情绪的情绪调节策略。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。