Piled embankments have many advantages that have been applied in high-speed railway construction engineering. However, the load transfer mechanism of piled embankments, such as soil arching and tension membranes, is still unclear, especially under dynamic loads. To investigate the soil arching and tension membrane under dynamic train loads on high-speed railways, a large-scale piled embankment model test with X-shaped piles as vertical reinforcement was performed, in which twenty-eight earth pressure cells were installed in the piled embankment and an M-shaped wave was adopted to simulate the high-speed railway train load. The results show that dynamic soil arching only occurs when two bogies of a carriage pass by and disappears at other times. The dynamic soil arching and membrane effect are the most significant under the concrete base. The arching height, stress concentration ratio and pile-soil load sharing ratio have a minimal value at 25 Hz. The dynamic soil arching degrades severely at 25 Hz, whose height at 25 Hz is only 0.35 times that at 5 Hz. The arching height fluctuates over a narrow range with increasing loading amplitude. The stress concentration ratio and the pile-soil load sharing ratio increase monotonically as the loading amplitude increases.

桩基路堤具有诸多优点，已在高速铁路建设工程中得到应用。然而，桩基路堤的荷载传递机制（例如土拱和张拉膜）仍不清楚，特别是在动荷载作用下。为研究高速铁路动态列车荷载作用下的土拱和张拉膜，进行了以X形桩为竖向加筋的大型桩基路堤模型试验，桩基内设置了28个土压力盒。采用路堤和M形波模拟高铁列车荷载。结果表明，动土拱仅在车厢的两个转向架经过时才会发生，其他时候则消失。动力土拱效应和膜效应在混凝土基础下最为显着。拱高、应力集中比和桩土荷载分配比在25 Hz时有最小值。动力土拱在25 Hz时退化严重，25 Hz时的高度仅为5 Hz时的0.35倍。随着加载幅度的增加，拱高在较窄的范围内波动。应力集中比和桩土荷载分担比随着加载幅值的增加而单调增加。