We propose a single-tiered hybrid proof-of-work consensus protocol to encourage decentralization in bitcoin. Our new mechanism comprises coupled puzzles from which properties differ from each other; the one is the extant outsourceable bitcoin puzzle while the other is nonoutsourceable. Our new protocol enables miners to solve either puzzle as they want; therefore, blocks can be generated by either puzzle. Our hybrid consensus can be successfully implemented in bitcoin because it is backward-compatible with existing bitcoin mining equipment (more precisely, existing bitcoin mining ASICs).

中文翻译：

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单层混合 PoW 共识协议鼓励比特币去中心化

我们提出了一种单层混合工作量证明共识协议，以鼓励比特币的去中心化。我们的新机制包括耦合谜题，其属性彼此不同；一个是现有的可外包的比特币难题，而另一个是不可外包的。我们的新协议使矿工能够按照自己的意愿解决任一难题；因此，任何一个谜题都可以生成块。我们的混合共识可以在比特币中成功实现，因为它向后兼容现有的比特币挖矿设备（更准确地说，现有的比特币挖矿 ASIC）。