OBJECTIVE Alcohol delivery and to-go sales may contribute to changes in drinking patterns, including where and what people drink. This study tested whether home delivery and to-go alcohol purchases were associated with context- and beverage-specific consumption volumes during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic after adjusting for pre-pandemic consumption volumes. METHOD Data from a pre-pandemic panel were compared to a during-pandemic panel of the National Alcohol Survey (n = 1,150 adult drinkers, 52.7% female). Outcomes were past-year alcohol consumption volumes in standard drinks (overall, by beverage type, and by location). Independent variables included past-year alcohol delivery and to-go purchases (separately). Covariates comprised baseline beverage- or context-specific volume, demographics, COVID-19 impacts, and drinking motivations. Negative binomial regression tested associations between alcohol purchases and change in overall, beverage-, and context-specific consumption. RESULTS On average, respondents who had alcohol delivered (vs. not) reported consuming larger volumes overall (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.58, 95% CI [1.07, 2.32], p = .02), of wine (IRR = 2.90, 95% CI [1.50, 5.63], p < .04), of spirits (IRR = 1.59, 95% CI [1.03, 2.44], p = .04), and at home (IRR = 1.59, 95% CI [1.10, 2.31], p = .01). People who bought alcohol to go (vs. not) reported larger volumes of wine (IRR = 1.41, 95% CI [1.02, 1.96], p = .04), at home (IRR = 1.60, 95% CI [1.10, 2.32], p = .01), and in bars (IRR = 4.55, 95% CI [2.55, 8.11], p < .001). Finally, people who had alcohol delivered reported drinking smaller volumes in bars (IRR = 0.49, 95% CI [0.24, 0.98], p = .04). CONCLUSIONS During the first year of the pandemic, adults who had alcohol delivered or bought it to go reported larger volumes for several locations and beverage types.

中文翻译：

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美国 COVID-19 期间特定饮料和特定环境的酒精消费：酒精外带和送货购买的作用。

目标 酒类配送和外卖销售可能会导致饮酒模式的改变，包括人们饮酒的地点和内容。本研究测试了在对大流行前的消费量进行调整后，送货上门和外带酒类购买是否与 COVID-19 大流行第一年的特定背景和饮料消费量相关。方法 将大流行前小组的数据与全国酒精调查大流行期间的小组数据进行比较（n = 1,150 名成年饮酒者，其中 52.7% 为女性）。结果是去年标准饮料中的酒精消费量（总体，按饮料类型和地点）。自变量包括去年的酒类配送和外带购买（分别）。协变量包括基线饮料量或具体情况的量、人口统计数据、COVID-19 影响和饮酒动机。负二项回归测试了酒精购买量与总体、饮料和特定背景消费变化之间的关联。结果 平均而言，送酒（与未送酒）的受访者报告总体饮用了较大量的葡萄酒（IRR = 2.90，发生率比 [IRR] = 1.58，95% CI [1.07, 2.32]，p = .02） ，95% CI [1.50, 5.63]，p < .04），烈酒（IRR = 1.59，95% CI [1.03, 2.44]，p = .04）和在家（IRR = 1.59，95% CI [ 1.10, 2.31], p = .01)。外出购买酒类（与不购买酒类相比）的人报告称，在家中购买酒类的量更大（IRR = 1.41，95% CI [1.02, 1.96]，p = 0.04）（IRR = 1.60，95% CI [1.10, 2.32） ]，p = .01），并以条形表示（IRR = 4.55，95% CI [2.55, 8.11]，p < .001）。最后，送酒的人报告饮酒量较小（IRR = 0.49，95% CI [0.24，0.98]，p = .04）。结论 在大流行的第一年，那些通过送货或购买酒类带走的成年人报告称，多个地点和饮料类型的饮酒量较大。