Melatonina natural harmless molecule—displays versatile roles in human health and crop disease control such as for rice blast. Rice blast, caused by the filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is one devastating disease of rice. Application of fungicides is one of the major measures in the control of various crop diseases. However, fungicide resistance in the pathogen and relevant environmental pollution are becoming serious problems. By screening for possible synergistic combinations, here, we discovered an eco-friendly combination for rice blast control, melatonin, and the fungicide isoprothiolane. These compounds together exhibited significant synergistic inhibitory effects on vegetative growth, conidial germination, appressorium formation, penetration, and plant infection by M. oryzae. The combination of melatonin and isoprothiolane reduced the effective concentration of isoprothiolane by over 10-fold as well as residual levels of isoprothiolane. Transcriptomics and lipidomics revealed that melatonin and isoprothiolane synergistically interfered with lipid metabolism by regulating many common targets, including the predicted isocitrate lyase-encoding gene MoICL1. Furthermore, using different techniques, we show that melatonin and isoprothiolane interact with MoIcl1. This study demonstrates that melatonin and isoprothiolane function synergistically and can be used to reduce the dosage and residual level of isoprothiolane, potentially contributing to the environment-friendly and sustainable control of crop diseases.

中文翻译：

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褪黑素以 MoIcl1 为靶标，与杀菌剂异丙硫灵协同作用，防治稻瘟病

褪黑素天然无害分子——在人类健康和稻瘟病等作物病害控制中发挥多种作用。稻瘟病是由丝状真菌Magnaporthe oryzae引起的一种水稻毁灭性病害。施用杀菌剂是防治农作物多种病害的主要措施之一。然而，病原菌的抗药性和相关的环境污染正成为严重的问题。通过筛选可能的协同组合，我们发现了一种用于稻瘟病防治、褪黑素和杀菌剂异丙硫烷的环保组合。这些化合物一起对米霉的营养生长、分生孢子萌发、附着胞形成、渗透和植物感染表现出显着的协同抑制作用。褪黑素和异丙硫烷的组合使异丙硫烷的有效浓度降低了10倍以上，并且异丙硫烷的残留水平也降低了10倍以上。转录组学和脂质组学表明，褪黑激素和异丙硫烷通过调节许多常见靶点（包括预测的异柠檬酸裂解酶编码基因MoICL1）协同干扰脂质代谢。此外，使用不同的技术，我们证明褪黑激素和异丙硫烷与 MoIcl1 相互作用。本研究表明，褪黑素和异丙硫烷具有协同作用，可用于降低异丙硫烷的用量和残留水平，可能有助于环境友好和可持续的农作物病害控制。