Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to focus on the role of stress and work from home and their influence on the frequency of praying (spirituality) and attending ritual services (religiosity).

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing from a data set from Understanding Society (COVID-19 study) in the UK from 5,357 participants, this study specifies a two-level mixed-effects ordered-probit regression to test the main hypotheses and chi-square (x²) analysis, gamma (γ) and tau-b (τ_b) for checking the robustness of this study results.

Findings

The findings of this study exhort with statistical confidence that spirituality is positively related to religiosity. Working from home positively influences individuals’ spiritual and religious needs, while attending religious services in person is associated with less stress. Females have been found to be more likely to pray rather than attend religious services.

Originality/value

This study investigates the role of work from home and stress on spirituality and religiosity, two key elements often forgotten in personal life and copying. This paper considers spirituality as the frequency of praying, while religiosity is the frequency of attending rituals, which religion has institutionalised.

中文翻译：

---

COVID-19 大流行期间的灵性、宗教信仰、压力、在家工作和性别

目的

本文的目的是重点关注压力和在家工作的作用及其对祈祷（灵性）和参加仪式服务（宗教）频率的影响。

设计/方法论/途径

本研究根据英国 Understanding Society（COVID-19 研究）的 5,357 名参与者的数据集，指定了两级混合效应有序概率回归来检验主要假设和卡方 ( x ² ) 分析， gamma (γ) 和 tau-b (τ _b ) 用于检查本研究结果的稳健性。

发现

这项研究的结果以统计学上的可信度劝告灵性与宗教信仰呈正相关。在家工作对个人的精神和宗教需求产生积极影响，而亲自参加宗教仪式则可以减轻压力。研究发现，女性更有可能祈祷而不是参加宗教仪式。

原创性/价值

这项研究调查了在家工作的作用以及对灵性和宗教信仰的压力，这是个人生活和复制中经常被遗忘的两个关键要素。本文认为灵性是祈祷的频率，而宗教性是参加宗教仪式的频率，宗教已经将仪式制度化。