In recent decades, several Latin American cities have implemented policy instruments to reduce urban air pollution and traffic congestion such as license plate–based restrictions on car use. Our research analyzes the factors influencing the public acceptance of these urban policies in four cities: Bogotá, Mexico City, Santiago de Chile, and Quito. We use semi-structured interviews and digital diaries to examine participants’ beliefs and emotions about vehicle restrictions as well as their daily mobility experiences. The study illustrates the importance of three main beliefs in shaping the public acceptance of the measures (perceived effectiveness, perceived fairness, and perceived personal impacts). The results also show a certain resignation on the part of the participants, accepting that the policies are necessary and, to some extent, effective in pacifying traffic and improving air quality in highly populated cities, even if the policies generate certain undesirable distributional and personal impacts. The study uncovers the importance of the local context in understanding why certain urban policies, successfully applied in other contexts, might have lower levels of public support in Latin American cities. A high population density, regulatory shortcomings, enforcement difficulties, and deficits in infrastructure and public transport all create a mobility context in which some policies to improve urban air quality and traffic congestion generate high levels of frustration and ambivalence among the residents.

近几十年来，一些拉丁美洲城市实施了政策工具来减少城市空气污染和交通拥堵，例如基于车牌的汽车使用限制。我们的研究分析了影响波哥大、墨西哥城、智利圣地亚哥和基多这四个城市公众接受这些城市政策的因素。我们使用半结构化访谈和数字日记来检查参与者对车辆限制的信念和情绪以及他们的日常出行体验。该研究说明了三个主要信念在塑造公众对措施的接受度方面的重要性（感知有效性、感知公平性和感知个人影响）。结果还表明，参与者有一定程度的无奈，他们承认这些政策是必要的，并且在某种程度上，即使这些政策产生了某些不良的分配和个人影响，但仍能有效地稳定人口稠密城市的交通并改善空气质量。该研究揭示了当地环境对于理解为什么在其他情况下成功应用的某些城市政策在拉丁美洲城市可能获得较低水平的公众支持的重要性。人口密度高、监管缺陷、执法困难以及基础设施和公共交通的缺陷都造成了流动性环境，一些改善城市空气质量和交通拥堵的政策在居民中产生了高度的挫败感和矛盾心理。该研究揭示了当地环境对于理解为什么在其他情况下成功应用的某些城市政策在拉丁美洲城市可能获得较低水平的公众支持的重要性。人口密度高、监管缺陷、执法困难以及基础设施和公共交通的缺陷都造成了流动性环境，一些改善城市空气质量和交通拥堵的政策在居民中产生了高度的挫败感和矛盾心理。该研究揭示了当地环境对于理解为什么在其他情况下成功应用的某些城市政策在拉丁美洲城市可能获得较低水平的公众支持的重要性。人口密度高、监管缺陷、执法困难以及基础设施和公共交通的缺陷都造成了流动性环境，一些改善城市空气质量和交通拥堵的政策在居民中产生了高度的挫败感和矛盾心理。