Mediterranean landscapes have co-evolved with people: they often require human management to sustain biodiversity and local communities have developed detailed ecological knowledge about their surrounding ecosystems. We document plant names used by Tašlḥit speakers in the High Atlas Mountains of southern Morocco and explore how they encode local ecological knowledge of landscape and biodiversity as well as social histories. We conducted two complementary field studies in the communes of Imgdal and Ukaymdn, documenting plant names along with local definitions and perceptions of place, vegetation, and habitat and perceived trends of change in the local botanical environment through structured and semi-structured interviews. In Imgdal we used herbarium prompts, whilst in Ukaymdn we focussed on local definitions of ethnoecological categories. We analyse the diversity and multiplicity of life form and descriptive terms as well as plant names and compare these to scientific taxonomy. We conclude that current social and environmental change, especially climate change, could present a threat to the High Atlas biocultural diversity and local knowledge.

地中海景观与人类共同进化：它们通常需要人类管理来维持生物多样性，并且当地社区已经掌握了有关周围生态系统的详细生态知识。我们记录了摩洛哥南部高阿特拉斯山脉的塔什利特语使用者使用的植物名称，并探索它们如何编码当地景观和生物多样性以及社会历史的生态知识。我们在 Imgdal 和 Ukaymdn 公社进行了两项互补的实地研究，记录了植物名称以及当地对地点、植被和栖息地的定义和看法，并通过结构化和半结构化访谈了解了当地植物环境变化的趋势。在 Imgdal 中，我们使用植物标本室提示，而在 Ukaymdn 中，我们专注于民族生态学类别的本地定义。我们分析生命形式和描述性术语以及植物名称的多样性和多重性，并将其与科学分类法进行比较。我们的结论是，当前的社会和环境变化，特别是气候变化，可能对高阿特拉斯生物文化多样性和当地知识构成威胁。