This study of syllable-final /s/ reduction in a 55-speaker corpus of Spanish in Juchitán, México, a contact variety, uses both language contact and social processes to explain its results. Contact with the indigenous Isthmus Zapotec language leads to decreased rates of syllable-final /s/ retention, creating a locally salient n+1-order index between “Zapotecness” and /s/ reduction that influences the indexical field for syllable-final /s/ reduction. Zapotec identity is associated with tradition and femininity. Therefore, in this new indexical field, syllable-final /s/ reduction comes to directly index Zapotec language dominance and indirectly index both femininity and tradition. This leads feminine and elderly speakers to reduce /s/ more frequently than “less feminine” and young speakers, even though the opposite pattern is usually found in other varieties. The results show, therefore, that language contact can influence the indexical field typically linked to socially meaningful variation and thereby cause unexpected patterns of variation to emerge.

中文翻译：

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音节尾部 /s/ 作为墨西哥西班牙语接触变体中语言、性别和种族的索引

这项针对墨西哥胡奇坦 (Juchitán) 的 55 个西班牙语语料库（一种接触变体）的音节尾部 /s/ 缩减研究，使用语言接触和社会过程来解释其结果。与土著地峡萨波特克语言的接触导致音节尾部 /s/ 保留率下降，在“Zapotecness”和 /s/ 减少之间创建一个局部显着的n +1 阶索引，影响音节尾部 /s 的索引字段/ 减少。萨波特克人的身份与传统和女性气质息息相关。因此，在这个新的索引领域，音节尾部/s/的减少直接索引了萨巴特克语言的主导地位，间接索引了女性气质和传统。这导致女性和老年说话者比“不太女性化”和年轻说话者更频繁地减少/s/，尽管在其他品种中通常会发现相反的模式。因此，结果表明，语言接触可以影响通常与社会有意义的变异相关的索引字段，从而导致意想不到的变异模式的出现。