For decades, human rights organizations have exposed egregious abuses carried out by states across the globe. Yet, simultaneously, other national and transnational civil society actors have waged war on these human rights organizations to shield rights-abusive states from accountability. These assaults have increasingly resulted in the normative claims of human rights organizations being sidelined while rights-abusive laws and policies gain further ground. This article uses Israel as its primary case study to interrogate these civil society wars and their effects on human rights. Examining the work of Israeli and pro-Israeli civil society actors in bolstering apartheid and shielding the state from criticism, I highlight three strategies—native dispossession, lawfare, and advocacy—that civil society actors use to enable apartheid. I go on to show how these actors adopt liberal tactics to protect, reproduce, and facilitate apartheid and to attack human rights defenders. By way of conclusion, I argue that the dominant paradigm informing human rights NGOs needs to be modified and their remit needs to be extended to include civil society actors that contribute to the perpetuation of social wrongs.

中文翻译：

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人权与公民社会之间：以色列种族隔离促成因素的案例

几十年来，人权组织揭露了全球各国实施的令人震惊的侵权行为。然而，与此同时，其他国家和跨国民间社会行为者也向这些人权组织发动了战争，以保护侵犯权利的国家免于承担责任。这些攻击越来越多地导致人权组织的规范主张被边缘化，而侵犯权利的法律和政策则进一步发展。本文以以色列为主要案例研究，探讨这些民间社会战争及其对人权的影响。在审视以色列和亲以色列民间社会行动者在支持种族隔离和保护国家免受批评方面所做的工作时，我强调了民间社会行动者用来实现种族隔离的三种策略——原住民剥夺、法律保护和宣传。我继续展示这些行为者如何采取自由主义策略来保护、繁殖和促进种族隔离以及攻击人权捍卫者。作为结论，我认为人权非政府组织的主导范式需要修改，其职权范围需要扩大到包括导致社会错误长期存在的民间社会行为者。