Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a common and severe clinical disease worldwide, which leads to a poor prognosis because of the complicated treatments and high morbidity. Autologous nerve grafting as the gold standard still cannot meet the needs of clinical nerve transplantation because of its low availability and limited size. The development of artificial nerve conduits was led to a novel direction for PNI treatment, while most of the currently developed artificial nerve conduits was lack biochemical cues to promote nerve regeneration. In this study, we designed a novel composite neural conduit by inserting decellularized the rat sciatic nerve or kidney in a poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) grooved conduit. The nerve regeneration effect of all samples was analyzed using rat sciatic nerve defect model, where decellularized tissues and grooved PLGA conduit alone were used as controls. The degree of nerve regeneration was evaluated using the motor function, gastrocnemius recovery, and morphological and histological assessments suggested that the combination of a grooved conduit with decellularized tissues significantly promoted nerve regeneration compared with decellularized tissues and PLGA conduit alone. It is worth to note that the grooved conduits containing decellularized nerves have a promotive effect similar to that of autologous nerve grafting, suggesting that it could be an artificial nerve conduit used for clinical practice in the future.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

---

结合脱细胞组织的沟槽导管用于周围神经再生

周围神经损伤（PNI）是世界范围内常见的严重临床疾病，治疗复杂、发病率高，导致预后不良。自体神经移植作为金标准，由于可用性低、体积有限，仍不能满足临床神经移植的需求。人工神经导管的发展为PNI治疗带来了新的方向，而目前开发的大多数人工神经导管缺乏促进神经再生的生化线索。在这项研究中，我们通过将脱细胞的大鼠坐骨神经或肾脏插入聚乳酸-乙醇酸 (PLGA) 沟槽导管中，设计了一种新型复合神经导管。使用大鼠坐骨神经缺损模型分析所有样品的神经再生效果，其中仅使用脱细胞组织和沟槽PLGA导管作为对照。使用运动功能、腓肠肌恢复以及形态学和组织学评估来评估神经再生的程度，表明与单独的脱细胞组织和PLGA导管相比，沟槽导管与脱细胞组织的组合显着促进神经再生。值得注意的是，含有脱细胞神经的沟槽导管具有与自体神经移植相似的促进作用，表明其可能成为未来用于临床实践的人工神经导管。

图形概要