The anglerfish, belonging to the teleost order Lophiiformes, are a diverse and species-rich group of fish that are known to exhibit a number of unique morphological, reproductive and immunological adaptations. Work to date has identified the loss of specific adaptive immune components in two of the five Lophiiformes sub-orders (Lophioidei and Ceratioidei), while no anomalies have been identified to date in two other sub-orders, Antennaroidei and Chaunacoidei. The immunogenome of the fifth sub-order, Ogcocephaloidei has not yet been investigated, and we have therefore used whole genome shotgun sequencing, combined with RNA-seq, to survey the adaptive immune capabilities of the polka-dot batfish, O. cubifrons, as a representative of this as yet unexplored sub-order. We find that the O. cubifrons genome encodes the core genes needed to mount adaptive T and B cell responses. These genes include those necessary for rearranging and editing antigen receptors, the antigen receptors themselves; as well as the co-receptors, signalling molecules, and antigen presenting molecules (both class I and class II) needed for B cell and T cell development and activation. From an immune perspective, the polka-dot batfish has a canonical complement of adaptive immune genes, and does not exhibit any of the adaptive immune changes previously identified in monkfish and oceanic anglerfish.

中文翻译：

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圆点蝙蝠鱼 Ogcocephalus cubifrons 适应性免疫基因的调查

琵琶鱼属于硬骨鱼目 Lophiiformes，是一个多样化且物种丰富的鱼类群体，已知表现出许多独特的形态、生殖和免疫适应性。迄今为止的工作已确定五个 Lophiiformes 亚目中的两个（Lophioidei 和 Ceratioidei）丧失了特定的适应性免疫成分，而迄今为止在另外两个亚目（Antennaroidei 和 Chaunacoidei）中尚未发现异常。第五亚目 Ogcocephaloidei 的免疫基因组尚未得到研究，因此我们利用全基因组鸟枪法测序结合 RNA-seq 来调查圆点蝙蝠鱼 O. cubifrons 的适应性免疫能力，这个尚未探索的亚目的代表。我们发现，O. cubifrons 基因组编码了启动适应性 T 和 B 细胞反应所需的核心基因。这些基因包括那些重新排列和编辑抗原受体所必需的基因、抗原受体本身；以及 B 细胞和 T 细胞发育和激活所需的辅助受体、信号分子和抗原呈递分子（I 类和 II 类）。从免疫角度来看，圆点蝙蝠鱼具有典型的适应性免疫基因补充，并且没有表现出之前在安康鱼和海洋琵琶鱼中发现的任何适应性免疫变化。