Abstract

This formative study was undertaken between June 2020 and April 2021 to provide evidence to inform the design and delivery of comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in Malawi for young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) and young people with disabilities (YPWD). The study included a desk review of the situation of these two groups and a mapping of CSE programmes and delivery approaches in Malawi. The study findings show that YPWD and YPLHIV in Malawi are marginalised groups, face stigma and discrimination, and are more vulnerable to abuse, warranting CSE that addresses their needs. Yet, they are often left out of sexuality education such as school-based programmes (due to early school drop-outs) and out-of-school programmes, as well as traditional modes. Furthermore, in instances where they have access to sexuality education, there is little evidence to suggest that the sexuality education that they receive is designed to address their needs, thus raising questions about its relevance. There is need for tailored CSE that addresses the needs of these groups and that is delivered using an approach that is easily accessible to them.

摘要

这项形成性研究于 2020 年 6 月至 2021 年 4 月期间进行，旨在提供证据，为马拉维针对艾滋病毒感染者 (YPLHIV) 和残疾年轻人 (YPWD) 的综合性教育 (CSE) 的设计和实施提供信息。该研究包括对这两个群体的情况进行案头审查，并绘制马拉维的全面性教育计划和实施方法。研究结果表明，马拉维的 YPWD 和 YPLHIV 是边缘化群体，面临耻辱和歧视，并且更容易受到虐待，因此需要全面性教育来满足他们的需求。然而，他们常常被排除在性教育之外，例如校内课程（由于过早辍学）和校外课程以及传统模式。此外，在他们能够接受性教育的情况下，几乎没有证据表明他们接受的性教育是为了满足他们的需求而设计的，从而引发了对其相关性的质疑。需要量身定制的全面性教育来满足这些群体的需求，并使用他们易于使用的方法来提供。