ABSTRACT

Planning has a formal, legally defined component and an informal component developed in response to deficiencies in the planning system. Informal practices can contribute to the development of tools that would improve urban governance, especially in areas related to space. This article presents an overview of informal practices that have taken place in Polish cities and towns in recent years and offers an assessment of their impact on the quality of urban governance.

中文翻译：

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城市规划和治理的非正式实践。波兰城市的例子

摘要

规划有正式的、法律定义的部分和针对规划系统的缺陷而开发的非正式部分。非正式做法有助于开发改善城市治理的工具，特别是在与空间相关的领域。本文概述了近年来波兰城镇中发生的非正式实践，并评估了它们对城市治理质量的影响。