ABSTRACT

Military organizations often demonstrate contrasting features compared to civilian ones, including indoctrination of military identity and mind-set. Therefore, on returning after retirement, military personnel undergo acculturation to reconnect to the civilian world. Many military retirees face difficulty readjusting in multiple professional and personal life domains, and report decreased life satisfaction due to this transition. The present review conducted a thematic meta-synthesis of 28 studies that had qualitatively assessed military to civilian transition experiences. The aim was to understand the military-civilian culture gap and identify the challenges faced during this transition. The analysis led to six themes – “Military Institutionalization, Military-Civilian Cultural Contrast, The Three S’s of Transition Challenges – Stereotypes, Skills, and Support, The Losses of Identity, Reconnecting with Family, Friends, and Civilian Counterparts, and Facilitators in Transition – Covering the Military-Civilian Gap.” Based on these findings, the review further presents possible intervention suggestions for retirement adjustment and future research direction.

摘要

与民事组织相比，军事组织经常表现出鲜明的特征，包括灌输军事身份和思维方式。因此，军人退役后回国后，需要经历文化适应，重新融入平民世界。许多军队退休人员在多个职业和个人生活领域面临重新调整的困难，并报告由于这种转变而导致生活满意度下降。本次审查对 28 项研究进行了专题综合综合，这些研究定性评估了军事向民事过渡的经验。目的是了解军民文化差距并确定这一过渡期间面临的挑战。分析得出了六个主题—— “军事制度化、军民文化对比、转型挑战的三个S——刻板印象、技能和支持、身份的丧失、与家人、朋友和平民同行的重新联系，以及转型中的促进者”。 ——弥补军民差距。” 基于这些发现，本文进一步提出了退休调整可能的干预建议和未来的研究方向。