Abstract

Victimization could cause cognitive dysfunction like negative cognitive bias. While there are studies of contemporaneous consequences, there is insufficient research on whether and how early victimization will affect adult negative cognitive bias. This study examined the dual role of resilience (i.e., whether resilience would moderate the relationship between early victimization and negative cognitive bias, and/or whether resilience would mediate the same relationship). A total of 972 college students (40% were males, M_age = 19.25, SD = 1.17, range = 16-25) from three universities in Central China completed a series of anonymous questionnaires on early victimization, resilience, and negative cognitive bias. After controlling for demographic variables, the results indicated that early victimization was positively correlated with negative cognitive bias of college students. Moderation analysis indicated that resilience moderated the relationship between early victimization and negative cognitive bias. Mediation analysis revealed that resilience partially mediated the same relationship. Specifically, the effect of early victimization on negative cognitive bias was stronger for college students with high level of resilience than those with low level of resilience. Meanwhile, early victimization affected negative cognitive bias partially through resilience. The findings elucidate the dual role of resilience in the relationship between early victimization and negative cognitive bias. On the one hand, negative cognitive bias can be reduced by enhancing resilience among victims, on the other hand, the protective role of resilience may be weakened with the increase of victimization, reminding us to pay more attention to victims with high level of resilience.

摘要

受害可能会导致认知功能障碍，例如消极认知偏见。虽然有关于同期后果的研究，但关于早期受害是否以及如何影响成人消极认知偏见的研究还不够。这项研究探讨了复原力的双重作用（即，复原力是否会调节早期受害与消极认知偏见之间的关系，和/或复原力是否会调节相同的关系）。 来自华中地区三所大学的972 名大学生（40% 为男性，M_年龄= 19.25，SD = 1.17，范围 = 16-25）完成了一系列关于早期受害、复原力和消极认知偏差的匿名调查问卷。在控制人口变量后，结果表明，早期受害与大学生的消极认知偏差呈正相关。调节分析表明，复原力调节了早期受害与消极认知偏见之间的关系。中介分析表明，复原力部分中介了相同的关系。具体来说，早期受害对消极认知偏见的影响对于高复原力的大学生来说比低复原力的大学生更强。与此同时，早期受害在一定程度上通过复原力影响了消极的认知偏见。研究结果阐明了复原力在早期受害和消极认知偏见之间关系中的双重作用。一方面，通过增强受害者的复原力可以减少负面认知偏差，另一方面，复原力的保护作用可能会随着受害程度的增加而减弱，提醒我们要更多地关注复原力水平高的受害者。