Colonic diverticulosis is prevalent, affecting approximately 70% of the western population by 80 years of age. Incidence is rapidly increasing in younger age groups. Between 10% and 25% of those with diverticular disease (DD) will experience acute diverticulitis. A further 15% will develop complications including abscess, bleeding and perforation. Such complications are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and constitute a worldwide health burden. Furthermore, chronic symptoms associated with DD are difficult to manage and present a further significant healthcare burden. The pathophysiology of DD is complex due to multifactorial contributing factors. These include diet, colonic wall structure, intestinal motility and genetic predispositions. Thus, targeted preventative measures have proved difficult to establish. Recently, commonly held conceptions on DD have been challenged. This review explores the latest understanding on pathophysiology, risk factors, classification and treatment options.

中文翻译：

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憩室病：病理生理学、分类和治疗的最新进展

结肠憩室病十分普遍，大约 70% 的 80 岁西方人口患有结肠憩室病。年轻群体的发病率正在迅速增加。10% 至 25% 的憩室病 (DD) 患者会出现急性憩室炎。另外 15% 会出现脓肿、出血和穿孔等并发症。这些并发症与显着的发病率和死亡率相关，并构成全世界的健康负担。此外，与 DD 相关的慢性症状难以控制，并带来进一步重大的医疗负担。由于多因素的影响，DD 的病理生理学很复杂。其中包括饮食、结肠壁结构、肠道蠕动和遗传倾向。因此，事实证明很难制定有针对性的预防措施。最近，关于 DD 的普遍观念受到了挑战。本综述探讨了对病理生理学、危险因素、分类和治疗方案的最新认识。