Consistent individual behavioral differences from other members of local populations are called animal personality, and a suite of these correlated behaviors generates a behavioral syndrome. Differential selection patterns among personality types can be largely influenced by predatory behavior. Prey has a large arsenal of antipredator behaviors at their disposal; However, how closely these behaviors are linked to personality is almost unknown. Using a social model species, the Great Tit, Parus major, we investigated whether antipredator behavior in response to predators is correlated with personality. First, we determined if individual differences in exploratory behavior were consistent across trials, that is, whether they were repeatable. Second, we looked into how antipredator behavior was correlated to personality. Individuals were subjected to two repeated trials of standard personality assays followed by an alternative control (Rock Pigeon, Columba livia domestica) and predator display (Eurasian Sparrowhawk, Accipiter nisus) treatment. We found that exploratory behavior was repeatable across trials and had a greater tendency for positive correlation with antipredator behavior when a predator model was displayed. Individuals that swiftly explored novel environments were slower to react to predators than those who explored the novel room slowly. As a result, our findings provide some of the first experimental evidence for a link between exploratory and antipredator behavior, suggesting that personality traits may impact individual fitness.

中文翻译：

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在《大山雀：个性与反捕食者行为之间的相关性》中，探索性的个体更加大胆

与当地人口中其他成员一致的个体行为差异被称为动物性格，一系列相关的行为会产生行为综合症。不同性格类型之间的差异选择模式在很大程度上会受到掠夺行为的影响。猎物拥有大量的反捕食者行为可供使用。然而，这些行为与性格的联系有多密切几乎是未知的。使用社会模型物种大山雀，我们研究了针对捕食者的反捕食行为是否与性格相关。首先，我们确定探索行为的个体差异在各个试验中是否一致，即它们是否可重复。其次，我们研究了反捕食者行为与性格之间的关系。个体接受了两次标准人格分析的重复试验，然后进行替代对照（原鸽、家鸽）和捕食者展示（欧亚雀鹰、鹰）治疗。我们发现，探索行为在试验中是可重复的，并且当展示捕食者模型时，探索行为与反捕食者行为呈正相关的趋势更大。快速探索新环境的个体对掠食者的反应比缓慢探索新环境的个体要慢。因此，我们的研究结果为探索性行为和反捕食者行为之间的联系提供了一些初步的实验证据，表明人格特质可能会影响个体的健康。