Many emerging factors and circumstances urge the need to develop and optimize the detection and quantification techniques of mycotoxins in solid food and feed. The diversity of mycotoxins, which have different properties and affinities, makes the standardization of the analytical procedures and the adoption of a single protocol that covers the attributes of all mycotoxins a tedious or even an impossible mission. Several modifications and improvements have been undergone in order to optimize the performance of these methods including the extraction solvents, the extraction methods, the clean-up procedures, and the analytical techniques. The techniques range from the rapid screening methods, which lack sensitivity and specificity such as TLC, to a spectrum of more advanced protocols, namely, ELISA, HPLC, and GC–MS and LC–MS/MS. This review aims at assessing the current studies related to these analytical techniques of mycotoxins in solid food and feed. It discusses and evaluates, through a critical approach, various sample treatment techniques, and provides an in-depth examination of different mycotoxin detection methods. Furthermore, it includes a comparison of their actual accuracy and a thorough analysis of the observed benefits and drawbacks.

许多新出现的因素和情况迫切需要开发和优化固体食品和饲料中霉菌毒素的检测和定量技术。霉菌毒素具有不同的性质和亲和力，其多样性使得分析程序的标准化和采用涵盖所有霉菌毒素属性的单一方案成为一项乏味甚至不可能的任务。为了优化这些方法的性能，包括萃取溶剂、萃取方法、净化程序和分析技术，已经进行了一些修改和改进。技术范围从缺乏敏感性和特异性（如 TLC）的快速筛查方法，到一系列更先进的方案，即 ELISA、HPLC、GC-MS 和 LC-MS/MS。本综述旨在评估与固体食品和饲料中霉菌毒素分析技术相关的当前研究。它通过批判性的方法讨论和评估各种样品处理技术，并对不同的霉菌毒素检测方法进行深入研究。此外，它还包括对它们的实际准确性的比较以及对观察到的优点和缺点的彻底分析。