In 2021, Nigeria witnessed a severe cholera outbreak that affected Borno state, in which more than 1,600,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) resided at the time. This rapid appraisal explored factors that facilitate the recurrence of cholera outbreaks in sites hosting IDPs in Northeast Nigeria. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), management, and healthcare personnel working in ten displacement camps in Borno state. The interviews were complemented by transect walks and field observations, measurements of free residual chlorine levels, and publicly available data published by the International Organization for Migration Displacement Tracking Matrix. The recurrence of cholera outbreaks appears to be facilitated by substantial interactions between IDPs and host communities, and suboptimal WASH services in camps. Of particular concern, IDP camps are exposed to extreme weather-related events that damage facilities and subsequently affect WASH practices. WASH services in camps may likewise be severely hindered by an influx of new arrivals. In conclusion, we emphasize the importance of expanding WASH activities to host communities and developing site-specific WASH interventions and chlorination targets. Practical recommendations are needed for the prevention and control of outbreaks following extreme weather-related events and population influxes.

2021年，尼日利亚博尔诺州爆发严重霍乱，当时该州居住着超过160万境内流离失所者。这项快速评估探讨了导致尼日利亚东北部国内流离失所者居住地霍乱疫情再次爆发的因素。对博尔诺州十个流离失所者营地的水、环境卫生和个人卫生 (WASH)、管理人员和医护人员进行了半结构化访谈。访谈还辅以横断面行走和实地观察、游离余氯水平测量以及国际移民流离失所跟踪矩阵组织发布的公开数据。境内流离失所者与东道社区之间的大量互动似乎促进了霍乱疫情的再次爆发，营地中的 WASH 服务欠佳。特别值得关注的是，国内流离失所者营地容易遭受与极端天气相关的事件，这些事件会损坏设施并随后影响 WASH 实践。难民营中的 WASH 服务同样可能因新移民的涌入而受到严重阻碍。总之，我们强调将 WASH 活动扩展到所在社区并制定针对具体地点的 WASH 干预措施和氯化目标的重要性。需要提出实际建议来预防和控制极端天气相关事件和人口流入后的疫情爆发。我们强调将 WASH 活动扩大到所在社区以及制定针对具体地点的 WASH 干预措施和氯化目标的重要性。需要提出实际建议来预防和控制极端天气相关事件和人口流入后的疫情爆发。我们强调将 WASH 活动扩大到所在社区以及制定针对具体地点的 WASH 干预措施和氯化目标的重要性。需要提出实际建议来预防和控制极端天气相关事件和人口流入后的疫情爆发。