A feeding trial with Macrobrachium acanthurus juveniles was performed to determine growth performance and utilization of diets varying in protein, lipid, and carbohydrate level. Twelve diets were formulated with three levels of protein (P) and supplemented with different proportions of lipids (L) and carbohydrates (C): P30-L20-C8, P30-L15-C19, P30-L12-C25, P30-L10-C31, P35-L20-C3, P35-L15-C15, P35-L10-C26, P35-L5-C38, P40-L15-C8, P40-L10-C19, P40-L5-C31, and P40-L1-C40. Lipids and carbohydrates were added allowing an overall energy content limit of 400 kcal per 100 g of diet. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of juveniles with an initial weight of 60.9 ± 10.9 mg (mean ± SD) for 60 days. Overall growth performance and gene expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P), and hexokinase (HK) in the hepatopancreas were assessed. Highest weight gain values and specific growth rates were observed in prawns fed diets with 35% of protein inclusion. Expression of FAS was downregulated when fed 30% of protein. Results indicate M. acanthurus use protein as their primary source of energy and when this is low in the diet, lipids are used to spare the energy from proteins. Suggested inclusion of protein, lipids, and carbohydrates in diets for M. acanthurus should be 35%, 15%, and 15%, respectively.

中文翻译：

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不同蛋白质、脂质和碳水化合物水平的淡水虾（Macrobrachium acanthurus）幼虾的生长性能和 FAS、CPT1、G6P 和 HK 基因表达

对棘皮沼虾幼鱼进行了喂养试验，以确定生长性能和不同蛋白质、脂质和碳水化合物水平的日粮利用率。配制了十二种日粮，其中含有三种水平的蛋白质 (P)，并补充不同比例的脂质 (L) 和碳水化合物 (C)：P30-L20-C8、P30-L15-C19、P30-L12-C25、P30-L10- C31、P35-L20-C3、P35-L15-C15、P35-L10-C26、P35-L5-C38、P40-L15-C8、P40-L10-C19、P40-L5-C31 和 P40-L1-C40 。添加脂质和碳水化合物，使每 100 克饮食的总能量含量限制为 400 kcal。将每种饮食喂给三组幼鱼，初始体重为 60.9 ± 10.9 mg（平均值 ± 标准差），持续 60 天。评估了肝胰腺中脂肪酸合酶 ( FAS )、肉碱棕榈酰转移酶 1 ( CPT1 )、葡萄糖 6-磷酸酶 ( G6P ) 和己糖激酶 ( HK ) 的总体生长性能和基因表达。在饲喂含有 35% 蛋白质的饲料的虾中观察到最高的增重值和特定生长率。当喂食 30% 的蛋白质时， FAS的表达下调。结果表明，棘皮鲫鱼使用蛋白质作为主要能量来源，当饮食中蛋白质含量较低时，就会使用脂质来节省蛋白质的能量。建议棘皮雉鱼日粮中蛋白质、脂质和碳水化合物的含量应分别为 35%、15% 和 15%。