The unrelenting progression of neurodegenerative diseases has a negative impact on affected individuals, their families, and society. Recurrent epileptic seizures are the hallmark of epilepsy, and treating it effectively remains difficult. Clarify and understanding effects of the antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in epilepsy by comparing the therapeutic effects between rats receiving valproic acid (VPA) and Bee venom (BV) was aimed throughout the present study. Four male Wistar rat groups were included: control, epileptic group receiving pilocarpine (PILO), epileptic group treated with VPA and BV respectively. Cognitive functions were assessed by evaluating latency time in hot plate, despair swim test, grooming, rearing and ambulation frequency in the open field. BV has ameliorative effect on electrolytes balancing, assured by decreasing lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide and increasing catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. BV enhanced restoration of liver functions indicated by alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), total proteins, and albumin; hormonal parameters total and free testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH) were preserved by BV with great recovery of hippocampus, liver and testicular histopathology and ultrastructure comparing with the epileptic rats. The present findings suggested that BV and its active components offer fresh options for controlling epilepsy and prospective methods via minimize or manage the severe consequences.

神经退行性疾病的不断发展对受影响的个人、其家庭和社会产生负面影响。反复发作的癫痫发作是癫痫的标志，有效治疗仍然很困难。本研究的目的是通过比较接受丙戊酸 (VPA) 和蜂毒 (BV) 的大鼠之间的治疗效果，阐明和了解抗癫痫药物 (AED) 对癫痫的影响。包括四个雄性 Wistar 大鼠组：对照组、接受毛果芸香碱 (PILO) 的癫痫组、分别用 VPA 和 BV 治疗的癫痫组。通过评估热板潜伏时间、绝望游泳测试、梳理、饲养和露天行走频率来评估认知功能。BV 通过降低脂质过氧化、一氧化氮以及增加过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性来改善电解质平衡。BV 增强丙氨酸转氨酶 (ALT) 和天冬氨酸转氨酶 (AST)、总蛋白和白蛋白所指示的肝功能恢复；与癫痫大鼠相比，BV 保留了激素参数总睾酮和游离睾酮、促卵泡激素 (FSH) 和黄体生成素 (LH)，海马、肝脏和睾丸的组织病理学和超微结构都有很大恢复。目前的研究结果表明，BV 及其活性成分为控制癫痫提供了新的选择，并通过最小化或控制严重后果提供了前瞻性方法。