As the population continues to shrink in the black soil region of Northeast China since 2000, it is critical to master the impact of population shrinkage on rural functions to realize rural revitalization and sustainable development. In this study, we focused on the impacts of depopulation on the evolution and interrelationship of rural subfunctions. Based on the rural function indexes system, the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) method, spatial analysis method, and mathematical statistics analysis method were used to summarize the spatial and temporal characteristics of rural function development, as well as the effect of population shrinkage in the typical black soil region of Northeast China. The results showed that depopulation varied in the extent and duration between the forested region and plain areas, which both impacted the trajectories of rural subfunctions evolution. For the economic development function and ecological conservation function, the effect of continuous slight depopulation was beneficial, while the effect of rapid depopulation was adverse, which was exactly opposite to the agricultural production function. All forms of population shrinkage were conducive to the development of the social security function. With the deepening population shrinkage, depopulation mainly promoted the collaborative development between subfunctions in this study, except the relationship between agricultural production and social security function. But effects of depopulation on the interrelationship of rural subfunctions varied between the forested region and plain areas in some cases. The results provided evidence for the cognition that population shrinkage had complicated effects on rural subfunctions.

2000年以来，东北黑土地区人口持续减少，掌握人口减少对乡村功能的影响，对于实现乡村振兴和可持续发展至关重要。在本研究中，我们重点关注人口减少对农村子功能的演变和相互关系的影响。以乡村功能指标体系为基础，运用TOPSIS（Technique for Order Preference by Comparison to an Ideal Solution）方法、空间分析方法、数理统计分析方法，总结乡村功能发展的时空特征，并分析乡村功能发展的时空特征。东北典型黑土地区人口萎缩的影响. 结果表明，森林地区和平原地区人口减少的程度和持续时间存在差异，这都影响了乡村子功能的演化轨迹。对于经济发展函数和生态保护函数来说，人口持续轻微减少的影响是有利的，而人口快速减少的影响则是不利的，这与农业生产函数正好相反。各种形式的人口萎缩都有利于社会保障功能的发展。随着人口萎缩的加深，本研究中除农业生产与社会保障功能之间的关系外，人口减少主要促进子功能之间的协同发展。但在某些情况下，人口减少对森林地区和平原地区农村子功能相互关系的影响有所不同。研究结果为人口萎缩对农村子功能产生复杂影响的认识提供了证据。