Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs refers changes that occur in conjunction with, or as a result of, chronic airway inflammation. Airway remodeling the subsequent of inflammation constitutes cellular and extracellular matrix changes in the wall airways, epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition and airway smooth muscle cell proliferation. Diseases often begin in childhood and despite extensive research, causative pathogenic mechanisms still remain unclear. Transcriptome analysis of childhood asthma reveals distinct gene expression profiles of Long noncoding RNAs which have been reported to play a central regulatory role in various aspects of pathogenesis, clinical course and treatment of asthma. We briefly review current understanding of lnc-RNA dysregulation in children with asthma, focusing on their complex role in the inflammation, cell proliferation and remodeling of airway to guide future researches. We found that the lnc-RNAs increases activity of several oncogenes such c-Myc, Akt, and ERK and various signaling pathways such as MAPK (PI3K, Ras, JNK and p38), NF-κB and Wnt and crosstalk between these pathways by TGFβ, β-catenin, ERK and SKP2. Moreover, two different signal transduction pathways, Wnt and Notch1, can be activated by two lnc-RNAs through sponging the same miRNA for exacerbation cell proliferation.

哮喘是一种肺部气道的长期炎症性疾病，是指与慢性气道炎症相关或由慢性气道炎症引起的变化。炎症后的气道重塑包括气道壁细胞和细胞外基质的变化、上皮间质转化和气道平滑肌细胞增殖。疾病通常始于儿童时期，尽管进行了广泛的研究，但致病机制仍不清楚。儿童哮喘的转录组分析揭示了长链非编码RNA的独特基因表达谱，据报道，长链非编码RNA在哮喘发病机制、临床病程和治疗的各个方面发挥着核心调节作用。我们简要回顾了目前对哮喘儿童 lnc-RNA 失调的认识，重点关注其在炎症、细胞增殖和气道重塑中的复杂作用，以指导未来的研究。我们发现 lnc-RNA 增加了多种癌基因（如 c-Myc、Akt 和 ERK）的活性以及各种信号通路（如 MAPK（PI3K、Ras、JNK 和 p38）、NF-κB 和 Wnt）以及这些通路之间通过 TGFβ 的串扰、β-连环蛋白、ERK 和 SKP2。此外，两种lnc-RNA可以通过海绵相同的miRNA来激活两种不同的信号转导途径Wnt和Notch1，从而加剧细胞增殖。