Background: Transglutaminase 2 is an ubiquitously multifunctional enzyme and the most widely studied of the transglutaminase family. Consistent with its role in promoting post-translational modifications of proteins, Transglutaminase 2 is involved in many physiological processes such as apoptosis, signal transduction, and cellular adhesion. Several findings indicate that Transglutaminase 2 plays a role in the pathological processes of various inflammation-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: We tested the potential modulatory effects on amyloid-β-induced Transglutaminase 2 expression and activities of 2-pentadecyl-2-oxazoline, a plant-derived agent, which has shown effectiveness against chronic pain and associated neuropsychiatric disorders, both in mouse and human microglial cell lines. Methods: We used biochemistry, molecular and cell biology techniques to evaluate the potential modulatory effects on amyloid-β-induced Transglutaminase 2 expression and activities of 2- pentadecyl-2-oxazoline in mouse and human microglial cell lines. Results: 2-pentadecyl-2-oxazoline was able to modulate amyloid-β-induced Transglutaminase 2 expression and activities in mouse and human microglial cell lines. Conclusion: Transglutaminase 2 confirms its role as a neuroinflammation marker, the inhibition of which could be a potential preventive and therapeutic approach, while 2-pentadecyl-2-oxazoline is a potent modulator of the amyloid-β-induced Transglutaminase 2 expression and activities in mouse and human microglial cell lines.

中文翻译：

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小鼠和人小胶质细胞系中 2-十五烷基-2-恶唑啉调节淀粉样蛋白-β-诱导的转谷氨酰胺酶 2 表达和活性

背景：转谷氨酰胺酶 2 是一种普遍存在的多功能酶，也是转谷氨酰胺酶家族中研究最广泛的酶。与其促进蛋白质翻译后修饰的作用一致，转谷氨酰胺酶 2 参与许多生理过程，如细胞凋亡、信号转导和细胞粘附。多项研究结果表明，转谷氨酰胺酶 2 在各种炎症相关疾病（包括神经退行性疾病）的病理过程中发挥作用。目的：我们测试了 2-十五烷基-2-恶唑啉（一种植物源性药物）对淀粉样蛋白-β 诱导的转谷氨酰胺酶 2 表达和活性的潜在调节作用，该药物在小鼠和小鼠中均显示出对慢性疼痛和相关神经精神疾病的功效。人类小胶质细胞系。方法：我们使用生物化学、分子和细胞生物学技术来评估对小鼠和人小胶质细胞系中淀粉样蛋白-β 诱导的转谷氨酰胺酶 2 表达和 2-十五烷基-2-恶唑啉活性的潜在调节作用。结果：2-十五烷基-2-恶唑啉能够调节小鼠和人小胶质细胞系中淀粉样蛋白-β 诱导的转谷氨酰胺酶 2 的表达和活性。结论：转谷氨酰胺酶 2 证实了其作为神经炎症标志物的作用，其抑制可能是一种潜在的预防和治疗方法，而 2-十五烷基-2-恶唑啉是淀粉样蛋白-β 诱导的转谷氨酰胺酶 2 表达和活性的有效调节剂。小鼠和人类小胶质细胞系。