Antarctica harbours a wide range of extreme and diverse ecological niches that support diverse group of microorganisms, making it important to investigate the microbial diversity of this pristine environment. The current study focuses on the diversity and distribution of fungi in diverse environmental niches like exposed soil, accumulated snow, deep sea, and lake sediments in the Larsemann Hills, Antarctica. Ascomycota (61.7%) was the most dominating phylum followed by Basidiomycota (31.1%), Chytridiomycota (5.7%) and Rozellomycota (1.4%). The families Camptobasidiaceae (23.1%), Cladosporiaceae (15.3%), Kriegeriaceae (8.2%), Mycosphaerellaceae (6.8%) and Helotiaceae (6.2%), while at the genus level Glaciozyma (24.8%), Cladosporium (16.8%), Phenoliferia (8.8%), Acrodontium (8%), and Aspergillus (5.4%) were highly prevalent. Interestingly, Austroplaca genus which is mostly indigenous to polar regions was exclusively detected in the accumulated snow sediments. Among the four heterogenous environments analyzed, lake sediments were shown to have a higher number of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) than the other environments.

南极洲拥有广泛的极端和多样化的生态位，支持不同的微生物群，因此研究这一原始环境的微生物多样性非常重要。目前的研究重点是南极洲拉斯曼山裸露土壤、积雪、深海和湖泊沉积物等不同环境生态位中真菌的多样性和分布。子囊菌门 (61.7%) 是最主要的门，其次是担子菌门 (31.1%)、壶菌门 (5.7%) 和 Rozellomycota (1.4%)。Camptobasidiaceae (23.1%)、Cladosporiaceae (15.3%)、Kriegeriaceae (8.2%)、Mycosphaerellaceae (6.8%) 和 Helotiaceae (6.2%) 等科，而属水平Glaciozyma (24.8%)、 Cladosporium (16.8%)、 Phenoliferia (8.8%)、 Acrodontium (8%) 和Aspergillus (5.4%) 非常普遍。有趣的是，在积雪沉积物中专门检测到了主要原产于极地地区的Austroplaca属。在分析的四种异质环境中，湖泊沉积物比其他环境具有更多数量的扩增子序列变体（ASV）。