Diving patterns of air-breathing predators were monitored from three moored subsurface upward-looking echosounders. Complete and partial dive profiles were visible on active acoustic records as echoes that started and/or returned to the surface. Dive metrics: maximum dive depths, durations, and wiggle count were measured and angles, distances, and velocities, were calculated at each mooring. Dive shapes ‘U’, ‘V’ and ‘W’ were derived using the number of wiggles and the percentage of dive bottom time. Dive profiles were classified into four types with type 1 dives being short in total duration and distance, low velocities, small angles, shallow, long bottom duration, and linked to ‘U’ and ‘W’ shapes. Type 2 dives were short in distance, had low velocities, shallow depths, and were linked to ‘V’ dives. Dive types 3 and 4 had higher velocities, larger angles, longer total durations, and were deeper than types 1 and 2. Observed dive types could correspond to travelling, exploring, and foraging predator behaviors. Significant predator-prey overlaps occurred with predator dive profile counts correlated with krill aggregation thickness, density, and depth. This study demonstrates the utility of using stationary active acoustics to identify predator dive profiles with a simultaneous characterization of the potential prey field.

呼吸空气的捕食者的潜水模式由三个停泊在水面下的向上回声测深仪进行监测。在活动声学记录中可以看到完整和部分潜水剖面，即开始和/或返回到水面的回声。潜水指标：测量最大潜水深度、持续时间和摆动次数，并计算每个系泊处的角度、距离和速度。潜水形状“U”、“V”和“W”是根据摆动次数和潜水底部时间的百分比得出的。潜水剖面分为四种类型，其中类型 1 潜水总持续时间和距离短、速度低、角度小、浅、底部持续时间长，并与“U”和“W”形状相关。2 类潜水距离短、速度低、深度浅，并且与“V”潜水相关。潜水类型 3 和 4 的速度更高，与类型 1 和类型 2 相比，角度更大、总持续时间更长、深度更深。观察到的潜水类型可能与旅行、探索和觅食捕食者行为相对应。捕食者与被捕食者之间存在明显的重叠，捕食者潜水剖面计数与磷虾聚集厚度、密度和深度相关。这项研究证明了使用固定主动声学来识别捕食者潜水剖面并同时表征潜在猎物场的实用性。