This article presents a systematic analysis of climate litigation in the Brazilian Supreme Court. It argues that climate litigation in Brazil is centred on the protection of human rights and the court is ready (and eager) to draw a closer connection between climate and human rights. The climate litigation movement in Brazil follows in the wake of more than 40 years of a rich environmental legal framework and jurisprudence. This long trajectory includes adopting a chapter in the 1988 Brazilian Constitution dedicated to the right to an ecologically balanced environment. The Constitution determines this is a fundamental human right, encompassing the present and future generations. Building on this context, recent climate litigation cases question how climate stability fits within this constitutional framework. As the country’s constitutional tribunal, the Supreme Court recently received important climate cases addressing Brazil’s climate policy implementation. This article proceeds in three parts. First, the article contextualizes the climate litigation movement in Brazil’s broader environmental legal framework. Second, the article describes the Supreme Court climate docket of concentrated control cases. It focuses on the human right to an ecologically balanced environment and its connections with other constitutionally protected human rights. Third, the article examines the cases’ judicial reasoning, considering how the Supreme Court addressed climate change in the decisions (interlocutory or on the merits) available thus far. The ultimate goal of this article is to deepen the understanding of how the Supreme Court approaches climate as a human right through the methodical examination of the court’s pronouncements.

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巴西基于权利的气候诉讼：巴西最高法院宪法案件的评估

本文对巴西最高法院的气候诉讼进行了系统分析。它认为，巴西的气候诉讼以保护人权为中心，法院已准备好（并且渴望）在气候与人权之间建立更紧密的联系。巴西的气候诉讼运动是在 40 多年丰富的环境法律框架和判例之后展开的。这一漫长的历程包括在 1988 年巴西宪法中通过专门讨论生态平衡环境权的一章。《宪法》规定这是一项涵盖当代和子孙后代的基本人权。在此背景下，最近的气候诉讼案件质疑气候稳定性如何适应这一宪法框架。作为该国的宪法法庭，最高法院最近收到了涉及巴西气候政策实施的重要气候案件。本文分为三个部分。首先，本文将气候诉讼运动置于巴西更广泛的环境法律框架中。其次，文章介绍了最高法院集中控制案件的气候案卷。它侧重于生态平衡环境的人权及其与其他受宪法保护的人权的联系。第三，本文审视了案件的司法推理，考虑了最高法院迄今为止在裁决（中间裁决或案情实质裁决）中如何处理气候变化问题。