Scholars have identified challenges to protecting individuals from discrimination in contexts where organisations deploy artificial intelligence decision-making processes. While scholarship on ‘digital discrimination’ is growing, scholars have paid less attention to the impact of the use of artificial intelligence decision-making processes on persons with disabilities. This article posits that while the use of artificial intelligence technology can be beneficial for some purposes, its deployment can also construct a disability. The article demonstrates that the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities can be interpreted in a manner that confers a wide variety of human rights on persons with disabilities in the context when entities deploy artificial intelligence decision-making processes. The article proposes a test for digital discrimination based on disability and shows how it can be incorporated into the treaty through legal interpretation. Thereafter, it moves to developing an analogous general test for digital discrimination under international human rights law, applicable beyond a catalogue of protected characteristics.

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数字领域的残疾歧视：ICRPD 如何应用于人工智能决策过程并帮助确定国际人权法的状况

学者们发现了在组织部署人工智能决策流程的情况下保护个人免受歧视的挑战。尽管有关“数字歧视”的学术不断增长，但学者们却很少关注人工智能决策过程对残疾人的影响。本文认为，虽然人工智能技术的使用对于某些目的可能是有益的，但其部署也可能会造成障碍。文章表明，在实体部署人工智能决策流程的背景下，《残疾人权利公约》可以被解释为赋予残疾人多种人权。该文章提出了对基于残疾的数字歧视的测试，并展示了如何通过法律解释将其纳入条约。此后，它开始根据国际人权法制定类似的数字歧视一般测试，适用于受保护特征目录之外的范围。