Bacterial infections remain a significant challenge in clinical medicine, and pervasive bacterial contamination addressed is based on the rational use of biomedical antibacterial materials in the clinic. While antibiotics have been instrumental in mitigating the threat of bacterial infections, the overuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, thus, there is an urgent need to explore alternative antimicrobial strategies. Gallium (Ga)-based materials hold tremendous potential due to their exceptional antimicrobial properties, which combine physical and chemical sterilization. Herein, we review the main antimicrobial mechanisms of Ga-based materials, including Fe metabolism inhibition, reactive oxygen species induced generation, and physical disruption. Additionally, we summarize the various functional applications of Ga-based antimicrobial materials. Finally, we present the future challenge and development of Ga-based antimicrobial materials.

细菌感染仍然是临床医学的重大挑战，而解决普遍存在的细菌污染的基础是临床中生物医学抗菌材料的合理使用。虽然抗生素有助于减轻细菌感染的威胁，但抗生素的过度使用导致了抗生素耐药细菌的出现，因此迫切需要探索替代的抗菌策略。镓 (Ga) 基材料因其卓越的抗菌特性而具有巨大的潜力，该特性结合了物理和化学灭菌功能。在此，我们回顾了镓基材料的主要抗菌机制，包括铁代谢抑制、活性氧诱导产生和物理破坏。此外，我们总结了镓基抗菌材料的各种功能应用。最后，我们提出了镓基抗菌材料的未来挑战和发展。