Rewilding is a radical approach to landscape conservation that has the potential to help mitigate flood risk and low flow stresses, but this remains largely unexplored. Here, we illustrate the nature of hydrological changes that rewilding can be expected to deliver through reducing or ceasing land management, natural vegetation regeneration, species (re)introductions, and changes to river networks. This includes major changes to above- and below-ground vegetation structure (and hence interception, evapotranspiration, infiltration, and hydraulic roughness), soil hydrological properties, and the biophysical structure of river channels. The novel, complex, uncertain, and longer-term nature of rewilding-driven change generates some key challenges, and rewilding is currently relatively constrained in geographical extent. Significant changes to the water cycle that benefit people and nature are possible but there is an urgent need for improved understanding and prediction of rewilding trajectories and their hydrological effects, generation of the knowledge and tools to facilitate stakeholder engagement, and an extension of the geography of rewilding opportunities.

中文翻译：

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野化和水循环

野化是一种激进的景观保护方法，有可能有助于减轻洪水风险和低流量压力，但这在很大程度上尚未得到探索。在这里，我们阐述了野化可以通过减少或停止土地管理、自然植被再生、物种（重新）引入和河流网络变化而带来的水文变化的性质。这包括地上和地下植被结构（以及因此的拦截、蒸散、渗透和水力粗糙度）、土壤水文特性和河道生物物理结构的重大变化。野化驱动的变化的新颖性、复杂性、不确定性和长期性带来了一些关键挑战，而野化目前在地理范围上相对受到限制。造福于人类和自然的水循环的重大变化是可能的，但迫切需要更好地理解和预测野化轨迹及其水文影响，生成促进利益相关者参与的知识和工具，以及扩大野化的地理范围。野化机会。