The Saudi Arabian economy heavily uses foreign labour and hence, ranks among the top countries not only in the Gulf Cooperation Council region, but also globally in terms of remittance outflows. This study develops a theoretical model to investigate the determinants of remittance outflows from Saudi Arabia. The cointegration and equilibrium correction methods, and adjustments for small sample bias, are applied to the data for 1970-2021 using the theoretical model developed. In the long run, keeping other factors unchanged, Saudi Arabia's gross domestic and non-Saudi employment have positive and statistically significant impacts on the remittance outflows, while the impacts of the price level and expatriate levy are negative and statically significant. This study's findings may be useful for macroeconomic policymaking, as the remittance outflows have numerous implications for the development of the Saudi economy. Particularly, remittances are a primary channel for leaking money from Saudi Arabia, reducing the economic growth effects of fiscal spending multipliers.

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汇款流出的决定因素：沙特阿拉伯的案例


沙特阿拉伯经济大量使用外国劳动力，因此，其汇款流出量不仅在海湾合作委员会地区而且在全球都名列前茅。本研究开发了一个理论模型来研究沙特阿拉伯汇款流出的决定因素。使用开发的理论模型将协整和平衡校正方法以及小样本偏差调整应用于 1970-2021 年的数据。从长远来看，在其他因素不变的情况下，沙特阿拉伯的国内总就业和非沙特就业对汇款流出具有统计显着性的积极影响，而物价水平和侨民税的影响则具有静态显着性的消极影响。这项研究的结果可能对宏观经济政策制定有用，因为汇款外流对沙特经济的发展有许多影响。特别是，汇款是沙特阿拉伯资金流失的主要渠道，降低了财政支出乘数对经济增长的影响。