Abstract—

Roller bearings with crossed rollers are actively used in the swivel mechanisms of manipulators and other units due to the combination of high rigidity and increased load capacity. When designing new mechanisms, an important characteristic is the resistance moment, the value of which can be significantly influenced by operating conditions, such as the environment, the amount and type of lubricant, load, etc. In the presented study, the resistance moment and the friction coefficient of a cross-roller bearing were investigated at various temperatures, pressure in the chamber, load, and amount of lubricant. To test a bearing with crossed rollers of size RA 6008 in the temperature range from –40 to +100°C in vacuum conditions, technological equipment was designed and manufactured, a method for measuring the resistance moment was developed, and a full factorial experiment was carried out to assess the degree of influence of various factors on the resistance moment at a fixed VNIINP-284 (AMETHYST) grease amount. The test results showed that the moment of resistance and the coefficient of friction decrease with an increase in the grease amount from 60 to 230 mg, a decrease in air pressure in the test chamber from 10⁵ Pa to 1.33 × 10^–3 Pa leads to an increase in the friction coefficient and the resistance moment of the bearing, while an increase in temperature operation of a bearing with grease from 25 to 100°С leads to a decrease in the resistance moment and friction coefficient, and a decrease in temperature to –40°C leads to their increase.

中文翻译：

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真空中交叉滚子轴承阻力矩的实验评估

摘要——

由于具有高刚性和增加的负载能力，交叉滚子滚子轴承被积极用于机械手和其他装置的旋转机构。在设计新机构时，一个重要的特性是阻力矩，其值可能会受到工作条件的显着影响，例如环境、润滑剂的量和类型、负载等。在本研究中，阻力矩和在不同的温度、腔室压力、负载和润滑剂量下研究了交叉滚子轴承的摩擦系数。为了在真空条件下 –40 至 +100°C 的温度范围内测试尺寸为 RA 6008 的交叉滚子轴承，设计和制造了技术设备，开发了一种测量阻力矩的方法，并进行全析因实验，评估在固定VNIINP-284（AMETHYST）润滑脂用量下，各种因素对阻力矩的影响程度。试验结果表明，随着润滑脂用量从60mg增加到230mg，试验室气压从10mg降低，阻力矩和摩擦系数减小。⁵ Pa 至 1.33 × 10 ^–3 Pa 会导致轴承的摩擦系数和阻力矩增大，而使用润滑脂的轴承的运行温度从 25°С 升高至 100°С 会导致阻力矩减小和摩擦系数，温度降低至 –40°C 会导致它们增加。