Comprehensive process / project and product risk management is not easy to achieve due to the complexity of products and projects, and the nature of standardized methods which are usually suitable for one of the two areas. This review investigates risk management tendencies in engineering literature. It distinguishes the notion of risk regarding the subject involved; emphasizes the risk tradeoffs based on the observed problem; shows the scientific gap in the sense of needs and global guidelines; and provides direction for future development in these areas. The review is concluded with the call for action including discussion and axes of development.

中文翻译：

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项目和产品风险管理之间缺失的环节：从审查到行动号召

由于产品和项目的复杂性以及通常适用于这两个领域之一的标准化方法的性质，全面的流程/项目和产品风险管理并不容易实现。本综述调查了工程文献中的风险管理趋势。它区分了所涉及主题的风险概念；强调基于观察到的问题的风险权衡；显示需求感和全球指导方针之间的科学差距；并为这些领域未来的发展提供了方向。审查最后呼吁采取行动，包括讨论和发展轴心。