The high-frequency injection (HFI) method is commonly used for sensorless control of synchronous reluctance motors (SynRMs) at low speeds. Injecting a high-frequency (HF) signal in a predefined direction, referred to as the $d$ -axis, and further demodulating the excited signal in the $q$ -axis are a popular sequence for SynRM position tracking. Injection in the $q$ -axis is not usually considered due to its potential to increase torque ripple. This article proposes a generalized HF pulsating voltage injection approach for sensorless control of SynRM. This approach allows for the arbitrary selection of injection strategy and covers the injection and demodulation procedures in $d$ - and $q$ -axes in detail. Special attention is given to determining the amplitude of the injection voltage, which can extend the usage range of HFI and support sensorless control at high speeds. The effectiveness of the proposed structures is experimentally verified using 15 kW SynRM. During system validation, extra care is taken to investigate the overall system efficiency and vibration levels, including torque ripple issues. This solution contributes to the advancement of sensorless control for SynRM drives.

中文翻译：

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用于同步磁阻电机无传感器控制的通用高频注入框架

高频注入 (HFI) 方法通常用于低速同步磁阻电机 (SynRM) 的无传感器控制。在预定义方向注入高频 (HF) 信号，称为$d$ -轴，并进一步解调激励信号$q$ -axis 是 SynRM 位置跟踪的常用序列。注射于$q$ 通常不考虑 - 轴，因为它可能会增加扭矩脉动。本文提出了一种用于 SynRM 无传感器控制的通用高频脉动电压注入方法。这种方法允许任意选择注入策略，并涵盖了注入和解调过程$d$ - 和$q$ - 轴的详细信息。特别注意确定注入电压的幅值，这可以扩展HFI的使用范围并支持高速无传感器控制。使用 15 kW SynRM 实验验证了所提出结构的有效性。在系统验证过程中，需要格外小心地调查整体系统效率和振动水平，包括扭矩脉动问题。该解决方案有助于 SynRM 驱动器无传感器控制的进步。